Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Menopausal
Hormone Therapy: An Update

Paschou, Stavroula Α.; Παπάνας, Νικόλαος

doi:10.1007/s13300-019-00695-y

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…Alterations in lipid levels [27], such as increases in triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and a decrease in highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), are among other CVD risk factors associated with menopause [23]. Increased risk of insulin resistance [23] and type 2 diabetes [28] as well as hypertension [29] have also been linked to menopause. These metabolic changes that emerge with estrogen deficiency after menopause may explain some of the elevated CVD risks in post-menopausal women [23].…”

Section: Menopause and Its Impact On Women's Physical Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Resistance Exercise Be a Tool for Healthy Aging in Post-Menopausal Women with Type 1 Diabetes?

Momeni

Logan

Sigal

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Due to improvements in diabetes care, people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are living longer. Studies show that post-menopausal T1D women have a substantially elevated cardiovascular risk compared to those without T1D. As T1D may also accelerate age-related bone and muscle loss, the risk of frailty may be considerable for T1D women. Exercise and physical activity may be optimal preventative therapies to maintain health and prevent complications in this population: They are associated with improvements in, or maintenance of, cardiovascular health, bone mineral density, and muscle mass in older adults. Resistance exercise, in particular, may provide important protection against age-related frailty, due to its specific effects on bone and muscle. Fear of hypoglycemia can be a barrier to exercise in those with T1D, and resistance exercise may cause less hypoglycemia than aerobic exercise. There are currently no exercise studies involving older, post-menopausal women with T1D. As such, it is unknown whether current guidelines for insulin adjustment/carbohydrate intake for activity are appropriate for this population. This review focuses on existing knowledge about exercise in older adults and considers potential future directions around resistance exercise as a therapeutic intervention for post-menopausal T1D women.

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Section: Menopause and Its Impact On Women's Physical Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Resistance Exercise Be a Tool for Healthy Aging in Post-Menopausal Women with Type 1 Diabetes?

Momeni

Logan

Sigal

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“… 53 In diabetic women at low CVD risk, oral estrogen may be preferred given its stronger benefit on glucose and lipid profiles compared with transdermal estrogen. 55 In obese diabetic women and in those with a higher CVD risk, transdermal estrogen offers benefits in terms of triglyceride levels and coagulation factors. 55 In either case, progestogens with neutral effects on glucose metabolism, such as micronized progesterone or dydrogesterone, should be used in women with insulin resistance or diabetes.…”

Section: Special Situationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 55 In either case, progestogens with neutral effects on glucose metabolism, such as micronized progesterone or dydrogesterone, should be used in women with insulin resistance or diabetes. 55 …”

Section: Special Situationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progestogens as a component of menopausal hormone therapy: the right molecule makes the difference

Stevenson¹,

Rozenberg²,

Maffei³

et al. 2020

DIC

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Optimizing menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) requires an awareness of the benefits and risks associated with the available treatments. This narrative review, which is based on the proceedings of an Advisory Board meeting and supplemented by relevant articles identified in literature searches, examines the role of progestogens in MHT, with the aim of providing practical recommendations for prescribing physicians. Progestogens are an essential component of MHT in menopausal women with a uterus to prevent endometrial hyperplasia and reduce the risk of cancer associated with using unopposed estrogen. Progestogens include natural progesterone, dydrogesterone (a stereoisomer of progesterone), and a range of synthetic compounds. Structural differences and varying affinities for other steroid receptors (androgen, glucocorticoid, and mineralocorticoid) confer a unique biological and clinical profile to each progestogen that must be considered during treatment selection. MHT, including the progestogen component, should be tailored to each woman, starting with an estrogen and a progestogen that has the safest profile with respect to breast cancer and cardiovascular effects, while addressing patient-specific needs, risk factors, and treatment goals. Micronized progesterone and dydrogesterone appear to be the safest options, with lower associated cardiovascular, thromboembolic, and breast cancer risks compared with other progestogens, and are the first-choice options for use in ‘special situations,’ such as in women with high-density breast tissue, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and risk factors for venous thromboembolism, among others.

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“…This condition is more frequent in women with type 2 diabetes and PCOS, and can contribute to infertility if not treated early [26]. Microvascular and cardiovascular risks -findings indicate that people with type 1 diabetes who have microvascular or cardiovascular complications have significantly lower fertility rates [27].…”

Section: Premature Menopause and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to manage the IVF during COVID-19 pandemic among diabetic females: a scientific perspective

Bukhari

Edrisy

Sibai

et al. 2020

Clinical Diabetology

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Diabetes is a challenging clinical problem facing obstetricians and gynecologists when it comes to in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). During the COVID-19 pandemic we are living nowadays, COVID-19 becomes a new superimposing challenge for diabetic females need IVF-ET procedures. The persistent lock-down of diabetic health facilities already advised by numerous organizations and contributing to challenging diabetes treatment is harmful to the whole population and in particular to patients with infertilities. Around 0.3% of all babies born last year were conceived with IVF-ET therapies worldwide. We recommend remedies to foresee more delicate infertility cases so as to prepare for a resumption of temporarily suspended fertility treatment.. In an age of crucial challenges for our national health services, complication prevention and tension management can help competent agencies and health providers identify patients that should be preferred to begin fertility treatment in a healthy environment. What we consider as a possible possibility is the gradual restart of IVF, which needs many measures for diabetic patients. The problem of restarting IVF installations after the current lockdown is real since each nation follows a certain recovery curve. Especially as a result of silent dissemination, attention should be provided to COVID-19 infection among patients and health-care staff after the restart of IVF therapy.

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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Menopausal Hormone Therapy: An Update

Cited by 39 publications

References 69 publications

Can Resistance Exercise Be a Tool for Healthy Aging in Post-Menopausal Women with Type 1 Diabetes?

Can Resistance Exercise Be a Tool for Healthy Aging in Post-Menopausal Women with Type 1 Diabetes?

Progestogens as a component of menopausal hormone therapy: the right molecule makes the difference

How to manage the IVF during COVID-19 pandemic among diabetic females: a scientific perspective

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