Type analysis of Cymbella schubartii and two new Encyonopsis species (Bacillariophyceae) from southeastern Brazil

Wengrat, Simone; Marquardt, Gisele Carolina; Bicudo, Denise C.; Bicudo, Carlos Eduardo de Mattos; Wetzel, Carlos E.; Éctor, Luc

doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.221.3.3

Cited by 14 publications

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“…Ferrari & Ludwig 2007, Melo et al 2010, Wetzel et al 2010, Bartozek et al 2013. However, only recently taxonomical studies of surface sediments have began (Fontana & Bicudo 2009, Silva & Bicudo 2014, including the addition of new species (Wengrat et al 2015, Almeida et al 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and distribution of diatom assemblages from core and surface sediments of a water supply reservoir in Southeastern Brazil

et al. 2016

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Composition and distribution of diatom assemblages from core and surface sediments of a water supply reservoir in Southeastern Brazil. Biota Neotropica. 16(2): e20150129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611- BN-2015-0129 Abstract: Fresh water biodiversity is an increasing concern due to growing human impact. Herein, we report a long-term survey (ca. 90 years) of sedimentary diatoms and the modern flora from surface sediments and their biodiversity changes along a eutrophication gradient. Study was carried out in one of the most important water supply reservoirs (Guarapiranga Reservoir) of Sã o Paulo Metropolitan Region, Brazil. Results are based on 75 core subsamples (subfossil assemblages from core) previously dated by 210 Pb and 14 samples from surface sediments (modern assemblages). Overall, 84 taxa were reported, belonging to 30 genera, 71 species and eight non-typical varieties, besides five probable new taxa. Results expanded two new additions for the Brazilian diatom flora (Chamaepinnularia submuscicula and Stauroneis acidoclinata) and 30 infrageneric taxa for the state of Sã o Paulo. 47.6% of total taxa inventoried were accounted exclusively for the subfossil assemblages indicating a significant biodiversity change over time. Access to past oligotrophic conditions and to contemporary mesotrophic regions of the Guarapiranga Reservoir accounted for these new additions representing 25% of the total diatom flora. Decline in the total species number along the trophic state gradient occurred for subfossil and modern assemblages. This pattern was even clearer when considering the changes in species richness over time. Eunotia with 21 taxa was the far most represented genera particularly in the oligotrophic phase. During the transitional period , richness gradually declined. With the onset (in the 1970s) and the major eutrophication period (since ca. 1990) occurred a drastic reduction in richness and the replacement of oligotrophic to eutrophic species. Human management also caused abrupt changes in richness. Marked decline occurred (1933) assotiated with hydrological impacts (water discharge increase) with the initial use of the reservoir as a public water supply. Unlike, sudden increase occurred probably associated with the application of algaecide to control cyanobacterial blooms. Present findings highlight the need for surveying the diatom assemblages in protected environments or in less degraded conditions for biodiversity assessment. Furthermore, reinforce the use of paleolimnological approach as in many cases the only tool to assess biodiversity changes encompassing time scales relevant to human-induced degradation and pre-anthropogenic impacts. Keywords: Bacillariophyta, biodiversity change, eutrophication, Guarapiranga Reservoir, paleolimnology, species richness.FAUSTINO, S.B., FONTANA, L., BARTOZEK, E.C.R., BICUDO, C.E.M., BICUDO, D.C. Composic¸ão e distribuic¸ão das diatomáceas de perfil sedimentar e sedimentos superficiais em reservatório de abastecimento no Sudeste do Brasil. Biota Neotropica. 1...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and distribution of diatom assemblages from core and surface sediments of a water supply reservoir in Southeastern Brazil

et al. 2016

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“…Finally, although diatom studies are increasing in Brazil (e.g. Wetzel et al 2011;tremarin et al 2012, 2014, 2016CavalCante et al 2013;Wengrat et al 2015;almeida et al 2016;Bertolli et al 2016;da silva et al 2016;Faustino et al 2016;marquardt et al 2016), more effort is needed to better understand the distribution and ecology of Eunotia enigmatica and similar Fragilaria species, thus enhancing the knowledge of tropical/subtropical diatom species and their use in water quality assessment. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eunotia enigmatica sp. nov., a new planktonic diatom from Brazil and the transfer of Fragilaria braunii Hustedt to the genus Peronia (Bacillariophyceae)

Costa¹,

Wetzel²,

Éctor³

et al. 2017

Fottea

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Eunotia is a diatom genus characterized by a short raphe system restricted to both valve poles and by the presence of rimoportulae. As part of a survey examining the genus, Eunotia enigmatica sp. nov. is described from ultra oligo-to oligotrophic and slightly acidic reservoirs in São Paulo State, southeast Brazil. The species is unusual in having a short distinct raphe, and a 'fragilarioid' appearance with long cells and marginal spines. It was commonly found in the planktonic community as well as on sediments of the studied reservoirs. It seems to be adapted to an open water existence, and is similar to E. croatana and E. pseudofragilaria both described from North America. Additionally, type material of another similar looking species, Fragilaria braunii, was analysed using light and scanning electron microscopy and a new combination is proposed for it in the genus Peronia.

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“…Thus, this group of algae has been receiving greater attention in southern Brazil (e.g., Tremarin et al 2009, Bertolli et al 2010, Silva et al 2010, Santos et al 2011, Bartozek et al 2013, Nardelli et al 2014. Furthermore, several new diatom taxa have been proposed in recent years to the country (e.g., Wetzel et al 2010, Metzeltin & Tremarin 2011, Pereira et al 2014, Wetzel & Ector 2014, Wengrat et al 2015, Marquardt et al 2016.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In reservoirs, most studies address planktonic or periphytic diatoms and lately have included diatoms from sediments (Fontana & Bicudo 2009, Almeida & Bicudo 2014, Faustino et al 2016. The increased number of newly described species highlights the scant knowledge of diatoms from the State of São Paulo (Almeida et al 2015, Wengrat et al 2015, Marquardt et al 2016, Costa et al 2017a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, diatoms are generally only cited either at the genus level or at the species level when frequently observed. As for sediment and periphyton, there is no information on diatom assemblages for this reservoir, only two descriptions of new species (Encyonopsis and Fragilaria) and a study about Eunotia species including samples from Billings Complex (Wengrat et al 2015, Costa et al 2017b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diatomáceas de diferentes habitats em um reservatório altamente heterogêneo, Complexo Billings, Sudeste do Brasil

Costa

Wengrat

Bicudo

2017

Hoehnea

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-(Diatoms from distinct habitats of a highly heterogeneous reservoir, Billings Complex, southeastern Brazil). A diatom survey was carried out in the largest reservoir of the city of São Paulo. Twenty-four phytoplankton, 15 periphyton, and 12 surface sediment samples covering a gradient of trophic states were collected in 2009 and 2010. Overall, 67 taxa were sampled (60 species and varieties and seven identified at the genus level). Four species are new records to Brazil (Stephanodiscus minutulus, Fragilaria aquaplus, F. perminuta and Ulnaria ferefusiformis), and beyond those, six others are new records to the State of São Paulo. Periphyton accounted for the highest number of species (68.6%) and exclusive taxa (21). The eutrophic and natural mesotrophic regions presented the highest number of species (46 and 41 taxa, respectively), contrasting with the hypereutrophic and artificial mesotrophic regions (22 taxa each). Present findings highlight that the local biodiversity can be directly influenced by the type of habitat analyzed, and different habitats should be included for improving the knowledge of local biodiversity. Keywords: periphyton, phytoplankton, surface sediment, taxonomic survey, trophic gradient RESUMO -(Diatomáceas de diferentes habitats em um reservatório altamente heterogêneo, Complexo Billings, Sudeste do Brasil). O levantamento taxonômico foi realizado no maior reservatório da cidade de São Paulo. Vinte e quatro amostras de fitoplâncton, 15 de perifíton e 12 de sedimentos superficiais cobrindo um gradiente trófico foram coletadas em 2009 e 2010. No geral, 67 táxons foram registrados (60 espécies e variedades e sete em nível genérico). Quatro espécies são novas citações para o Brasil (Stephanodiscus minutulus, Fragilaria aquaplus, F. perminuta e Ulnaria ferefusiformis), além de outras seis novas citações para o Estado de São Paulo. O perifíton contribuiu com o maior número de espécies (68,6%) e táxons exclusivos (21). A região eutrófica e mesotrófica natural apresentaram o maior número de espécies (46 e 41, respectivamente), contrastando com a região supereutrófica e mesotrófica artificial (22 táxons cada). O resultado encontrado destaca que a biodiversidade local pode ser diretamente influenciada pelo tipo de habitat analisado, e que diferentes habitats devem ser incluídos para aumentar o conhecimento da biodiversidade local.

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Type analysis of Cymbella schubartii and two new Encyonopsis species (Bacillariophyceae) from southeastern Brazil

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Composition and distribution of diatom assemblages from core and surface sediments of a water supply reservoir in Southeastern Brazil

Composition and distribution of diatom assemblages from core and surface sediments of a water supply reservoir in Southeastern Brazil

Eunotia enigmatica sp. nov., a new planktonic diatom from Brazil and the transfer of Fragilaria braunii Hustedt to the genus Peronia (Bacillariophyceae)

Diatomáceas de diferentes habitats em um reservatório altamente heterogêneo, Complexo Billings, Sudeste do Brasil

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