Type C botulism in swine fed on restaurant waste

Raymundo, Djeison Lutier; Gomes, Danilo Carloto; Boabaid, Fabiana M.; Colodel, Edson Moleta; Schmitz, Milene; Corrêa, Ana Grasielle Dionísio; Dutra, Iveraldo S.; Driemeier, David

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2012001100012

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Concerns about the application of food waste recycling in poultry nutrition in the UK include the prevention of the spread of diseases such as avian influenza and Newcastle disease [63]. Furthermore, infectious organisms of public health significance that may be linked to feeding food waste to livestock include Salmonella, Campylobacter, Mycobacterium, Trichinella, Toxoplasma [56], and Clostridium [64]. Chemical hazards of food waste that are necessary to be assessed include antibiotics [65], mycotoxins, pesticides, and heavy metals, such as Pb, Cd, As, and Hg [28].…”

Section: Legal Framework Regarding Food Waste Utilization In Animal Feedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Compounds in Food Waste: A Review on the Transformation of Food Waste to Animal Feed

Georganas

Giamouri

Pappas

et al. 2020

Foods

126

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Bioactive compounds are substances which are present in foods in small amounts and have the ability to provide health benefits. Bioactive compounds include but are not limited to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, carotenoids, peptides, and polyphenols. The aim of the present study is to review literature for potential bioactive compounds present in food waste material and discuss the transformation of food waste to animal feed under the perspective that usage of food waste, rather than disposal, may tackle food insecurity and provide health benefits. Finally, applications in poultry and swine nutrition, with emphasis on the presence of fatty acids on food waste material, are discussed.

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Section: Legal Framework Regarding Food Waste Utilization In Animal Feedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Compounds in Food Waste: A Review on the Transformation of Food Waste to Animal Feed

Georganas

Giamouri

Pappas

et al. 2020

Foods

126

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“…Antibodies, other variables, such as "Rural settlements or indigenous reservations", "Peri-urban areas or underserved communities", "Extensive pig farming", "Human food waste for animal feed", "Closeness to landfill sites", "Closeness to nature reserves", and "Contact with wild pigs", may not have a significant impact in this specific context. Nevertheless, our findings revealed that 29.79% (56/188) of properties in the study provided human food waste for pig feed, leading to significant health issues for the animals, such as type C botulism [52]. It is essential to note that the lack of significant differences among the variables tested in the univariate analysis does not necessarily indicate that these conditions are absent or do not play a role in the disease epidemiology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Leptospira spp. Infection in Backyard Pigs in the State of Paraná, Brazil

Santos,

Petri,

Pires

et al. 2023

TropicalMed

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Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that poses a significant threat to human and animal health worldwide. Among different animal species, pigs are known to play a crucial role in the transmission of the pathogenic Leptospira spp. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Leptospira spp. infection and associated risk factors in backyard pigs in the state of Paraná, Brazil. A set of 1393 blood samples were collected from pigs on 188 subsistence properties from 136 different municipalities of the Paraná state and tested using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) to detect antibodies against 24 different Leptospira spp. serovars. The results revealed an overall seroprevalence of 15.87% (221/1393; 95% CI: 13.95–17.78%) for Leptospira spp. antibodies, with Icterohaemorrhagiae, Butembo, and Pomona being the most commonly detected in serovar levels. The lack of rodent control (OR 1.12, 95% CI: 0.63–1.98, p = 0.02) was the only variable associated with disease incidence and was identified as a significant risk factor for Leptospira spp. infection in this context. These findings highlight the urgent need to implement effective control measures, such as improved housing conditions, rodent control, and veterinary assistance, to prevent the spread of this zoonotic disease in backyard pigs in Paraná, Brazil.

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“…Pantothenic acid deficiency affects the myelin sheath, while in Cu deficiency the lesion affects primary the axon and secondary the myelin sheath (De Lahunta & Glass 2009). Botulism causes flaccid paralysis and there are no gross or histologic lesions (Raymundo et al 2012). In rabies there is a non-suppurative encephalomyelitis associated with intracytoplasmatic inclusion bodies (Pessoa et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degenerative axonopathy associated with copper deficiency in pigs

et al. 2017

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RESUMO.-[Axonopatia degenerativa associada com deficiência de cobre em suínos.] São relatados os achados epidemiológicos, clínicos e morfológicos (patológicos e ultraestruturais) de quatro surtos de deficiência de cobre em suínos afetados entre 21 e 90 dias de idade na região Nordeste do Brasil. Os sinais clínicos iniciaram com paraparesia e ataxia, que progrediu a paralisia flácida ou espástica dos membros pélvicos e torácicos, seguido de decúbito esternal e/ou lateral. Além disso, alguns animais apresentaram posição de cão sentado e tremores de intenção. O perí-odo de manifestação clínica variou de 5-20 dias. Não foram observadas lesões macroscópicas significativas; no entanto, microscopicamente, foi observada degeneração simétri-ca da substância branca com fragmentação das bainhas de mielina, contendo ocasionais macrófagos, principalmente na medula espinal. The epidemiological, clinic and morphological (pathological and ultrastructural) aspects of four outbreaks of copper deficiency affecting 21-to 90-day-old pigs in the Northeast region of Brazil are reported. Clinical signs began with paraparesis and ataxia and progressed to flaccid or spastic paralysis of the pelvic and thoracic limbs, followed by sternal and/or lateral recumbence. In addition, some animals showed dog-sitting position and intention tremors. The clinical manifestation period was 5-20 days. Significant gross lesions were not observed; however, microscopically, symmetrical degeneration of the white matter with ballooned myelin sheaths containing occasional macrophages was observed, mainly in the spinal cord. Two pigs presented with necrosis ad loss of Purkinje cells and ectopic Purkinje cells in the granular layer and cerebellar white matter. A ultrastructural analysis showed different degrees of damage of myelinated axons in the spinal segments, including an absence of the axoplasm structures with only axonal residues remaining. The myelin sheaths were degenerated and often collapsed into the space previously occupied by the axon. These results suggest that myelin degeneration is secondary to the axonal lesion. Finally, the concentration of copper in the liver was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and was found to be low (ranging from 2.2 to 10.8 ppm). In conclusion, in the Brazilian semiarid region, Cu deficiency occurs in 21 to 90-day-old pigs that ingested different types of waste in their food.INDEX TERMS: Degenerative myelopathy, axonal degeneration, myelin degeneration, copper deficiency, mineral deficiency, swine.

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Type C botulism in swine fed on restaurant waste

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Bioactive Compounds in Food Waste: A Review on the Transformation of Food Waste to Animal Feed

Bioactive Compounds in Food Waste: A Review on the Transformation of Food Waste to Animal Feed

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Leptospira spp. Infection in Backyard Pigs in the State of Paraná, Brazil

Degenerative axonopathy associated with copper deficiency in pigs

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