Type E Botulism in Hokkaido, Japan

Nakamura, Yutaka; Iida, Hiroo; Saeki, Kiyoshi; K, Kanzawa; Karashimada, Takashi

doi:10.7883/yoken1952.9.45

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Clostridium botulinum type E strain, Iwanai, was isolated in Japan from human botulism caused by consumption of fermented fish (Nakamura et al, 1956). Seed culture was obtained by growing organisms in cooked meat medium for 1 d at 30°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of Clostridium botulinum Type E Toxin Purified by Two Different Procedures

Yokosawa¹,

Tsuzuki²,

Syuto³

et al. 1986

Microbiology

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Clostridium botulinum type E toxin was purified from culture supernates and from cell extracts by two methods. The specific activity [2 X 10(4) mouse LD50 (mg protein)-1] of the toxin purified from cell extract under slightly acidic conditions was lower than that [3 X 10(5) LD50 (mg protein)-1] of the toxin purified from culture supernate under slightly alkaline conditions. Both toxin preparations were activated by trypsin treatment, but to different extents, the degree of activation of the toxin from cell extract being about 30-fold higher than that of the toxin from culture supernate. The two toxin preparations had the same electrophoretic mobility on SDS-polyacrylamide gels and antigenic specificity as revealed by agar gel double-immunodiffusion tests. The antigenic specificity of the two toxin preparations was unaltered by trypsin treatment. In SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a single band of Mr 144,000 was demonstrated before trypsin treatment and two bands of Mr 100,000 and 55,000 appeared after trypsin treatment. The two toxin preparations were labelled with 125I and chymotryptic peptide maps were obtained before and after trypsin treatment. The two toxin preparations without trypsin treatment demonstrated many differences in their peptide maps, but the preparations after trypsin activation had similar peptide maps. These results indicate that the toxin obtained from culture fluid was a partially activated form, and that its molecular conformation was different from that of the toxin from cell extract. Differences in specific activity and activation ratio by trypsin treatment may be due to differences in the conformation of the toxin molecules.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of Clostridium botulinum Type E Toxin Purified by Two Different Procedures

Yokosawa¹,

Tsuzuki²,

Syuto³

et al. 1986

Microbiology

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“…The serological relationships of different strains of Clostridium botulinum type E are complex (Nakamura et al 1956). It is not surprising therefore that serological tests in this laboratory have failed to provide a key to the relationship of the NT strains to strains of C. botulinum type E. However, in view of the uniformity of spore morpho-…”

Section: W Hodgkiss Z J Ordal a N D D C Cannmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Spore and Exosporium of Some Clostridium Species

Hodgkiss¹,

Ordal²,

Cann³

1967

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYThe spores of original isolates of Clostridium species obtained from fresh and processed marine fish and from marine bottom deposits were compared with the spores of culture collection strains of the same species. These strains were Clostridium botulinum type E, C. sporogenes, C. bifermentans and C. sordellii.Spores of unclassified, non-toxigenic isolates which resemble C. botulinum type E, of '0s mutants', of culture collection strains of C. botulinum types A and B and an isolate of type F were also examined. The gross morphology and ultrastructure of the spores and exosporia were studied in electron microscopic preparations by using the techniques of metal shadowing, carbon replica, negative-staining and ultra-thin sectioning. Spores of some strains were found to possess tubular appendages. The morphology of the spores and the ultrastructural detail of the spore appendages and exosporia are described.

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“…Cultures in group II C. botulinum share somatic and spore antigens (Lynt et al 1967(Lynt et al , 1982, and agglutination to fluorescent antibody tests have been useful for identifying type E (Lynt et al 1982;Nakamura et al 1956;Walker and Batty 1964). Similarities in somatic antigens have been useful in identifying nontoxigenic 'botulinum-like' strains similar to types A, B, and E (Lynt et al 1982).…”

Section: Strains Of Types B and Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium botulinumandClostridium tetani

Johnson

2010

Topley &Amp; Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections

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Type E Botulism in Hokkaido, Japan

Cited by 28 publications

References 1 publication

Activation of Clostridium botulinum Type E Toxin Purified by Two Different Procedures

Activation of Clostridium botulinum Type E Toxin Purified by Two Different Procedures

The Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Spore and Exosporium of Some Clostridium Species

Clostridium botulinumandClostridium tetani

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