Type one diabetes and autoimmune-related conditions: a Portuguese research in pediatric age

Abstract

background. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the most common chronic metabolic disease among children and the autoimmune process can induce the development of additional autoimmune diseases. We performed a retrospective study of the clinical records and analytical determinations of pediatric patients with T1D during a five-year-period. Methods. We identify 102 patients, similar gender distribution. In 98% was performed, at least, one tracking of other autoimmune disease. We found positive autoantibodies in 31%: thyroid antibodies (n = 16), antibodies for celiac disease (n = 10), and antinuclear antibodies (n = 5). Antibodies positivity occurred in mean 3.6 years after T1D diagnosis. Other conditions associated were pulmonary hemosiderosis, vitiligo, IgA deficit, uveitis, and positive Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies. conclusions. Despite the antibodies' positivity we highlight the possibility of other less common autoimmune-related conditions. The screening of comorbidities is fundamental to perform an earlier diagnosis and prevent complications. (clin Diabetol 2021; 10