Types of haemocytes in saprophagous soil mites (Acari: Oribatida, Acaridida), and the correlation between their presence and certain processes within mites

Smrž, Jaroslav

doi:10.14411/eje.2006.088

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These were conspicuously vacuolized, stained intensively red, and appeared similar to cells found previously in mesentera of palpigrades [9]. Such free cells, haemocytes, are able to transport nutrients or wastes, including guanine, in arthropods [28], [29], [30]. The greenish crystals in the vacuoles in palpigrades appeared to be guanine, the universal arachnid waste substance [31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Microwhip Scorpions (Palpigradi) Feed on Heterotrophic Cyanobacteria in Slovak Caves – A Curiosity among Arachnida

et al. 2013

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To date, only morphological and anatomical descriptions of microwhip scorpions (Arachnida: Palpigradi) have been published. This very rare group is enigmatic not only in its relationships to other arachnids, but especially due to the fact that these animals dwell only underground (in caves, soil, and interstitial spaces). We observed the curious feeding habit of the microwhip scorpion Eukoenenia spelaea over the course of one year in Ardovská Cave, located in Slovakia's Karst region. We chose histology as our methodology in studying 17 specimens and based it upon Masson's triple staining, fluorescent light and confocal microscopy. Single-celled cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) were conspicuously predominant in the gut of all studied palpigrades. Digestibility of the consumed cyanobacteria was supported by the presence of guanine crystals, glycogen deposits and haemocytes inside the palpigrade body. Cyanobacteria, the oldest cellular organisms on Earth, are very resistant to severe conditions in caves, including even darkness. Therefore, the cyanobacteria are able to survive in dark caves as nearly heterotrophic organisms and are consumed by cave palpigrades. Such feeding habit is extraordinary within the almost wholly predacious orders of the class Arachnida, and particularly so due to the type of food observed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Microwhip Scorpions (Palpigradi) Feed on Heterotrophic Cyanobacteria in Slovak Caves – A Curiosity among Arachnida

et al. 2013

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“…At the cellular level, Smrž (2006) reported free cells (haemocytes) 'between the internal organs in the mesenchymal tissue in the opisthosoma', and noted that they were associated with (and sometimes connected to) the alimentary system. Alberti et al (2003) described these cells as 'fat-body cells', being connected to the midgut by small finger-like processes.…”

Section: Feeding Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alberti et al (2003) described these cells as 'fat-body cells', being connected to the midgut by small finger-like processes. Both Alberti et al (2003) and Smrž (2006) suggested that the morphology of these cells indicates they are associated with food processing. Smrž and Norton (2004) and Smrž (2009) have also shown that food type influences the shape of food boluses, caecal cell-appearance, the presence of internal bacteria and enzyme (chitinase) activity in A. longisetosus.…”

Section: Feeding Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The 20th anniversary of a model mite: A review of current knowledge about Archegozetes longisetosus (Acari, Oribatida)

Heethoff¹,

Bergmann²,

Laumann³

et al. 2013

Acarologia

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With about 10,000 described species and densities reaching 400,000 ind/m 2 , the Oribatida (without Astigmata) represent the most prevalent group of soil mites. However, with the exception of their taxonomy, many aspects of the biology of oribatid mites have been poorly studied. This might be explained in part by the previous lack of a model species. However, in the last 20 years, more and more non-taxonomic studies regarding development, genetics, morphology, chemical ecology and ecotoxicology have become available, with a significant number focused on the trhypochthoniid oribatid mite Archegozetes longisetosus. A well-defined laboratory strain of this pantropical parthenogenetic species was established in 1993 by one of us (RAN), and has since spread through numerous laboratories worldwide. In this review, we summarize the scientific achievements this lineage has enabled while becoming a model system for general zoology, ecology and evolution.

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“…This effect was attributed to the perturbation associated with different nutrient requirements and subsequent acquisition of bacteria (Brevundimonas vesicularis, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Serratia liquefaciens, and Serratia marcescens) from the environment as well as bacteriocyte formation under certain conditions (18,19). These endosymbionts are not primary symbionts in T. putrescentiae mites because they are not present in all individuals (18,19).…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental Manipulation Shows a Greater Influence of Population than Dietary Perturbation on the Microbiome of Tyrophagus putrescentiae

Erban

Ledvinka

Nešvorná

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Tyrophagus putrescentiae is inhabited by bacteria that differ among mite populations (strains) and diets. Here, we investigated how the microbiome and fitness of T. putrescentiae are altered by dietary perturbations and mite populations. Four T. putrescentiae populations, referred to as dog, Koppert, laboratory, and Phillips, underwent a perturbation, i.e., a dietary switch from a rearing diet to two experimental diets. The microbiome was investigated by sequencing the V1-V3 portion of the 16S rRNA gene, and selected bacterial taxa were quantified by quantitative PCR (qPCR) using group/taxon-specific primers. The parameters observed were the changes in mite population growth and nutritional status, i.e., the total glycogen, lipid, saccharide, and protein contents in mites. The effect of diet perturbation on the variability of the microbiome composition and population growth was lower than the effect induced by mite population. In contrast, the diet perturbation showed a greater effect on nutritional status of mites than the mite population. The endosymbionts exhibited high variations among T. putrescentiae populations, including Cardinium in the laboratory population, Blattabacterium-like bacteria in the dog population, and Wolbachia in the dog and Phillips populations. Solitalea-like and Bartonella-like bacteria were present in the dog, Koppert, and Phillips populations in different proportions. The T. putrescentiae microbiome is dynamic and varies based on both the mite population and perturbation; however, the mites remain characterized by robust bacterial communities. Bacterial endosymbionts were found in all populations but represented a dominant portion of the microbiome in only some populations. IMPORTANCEWe addressed the question of whether population origin or perturbation exerts a more significant influence on the bacterial community of the stored product mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae. The microbiomes of four populations of T. putrescentiae insects subjected to diet perturbation were compared. Based on our results, the bacterial community was more affected by the mite population than by diet perturbation. This result can be interpreted as indicating high stability of the putative intracellular symbionts in response to dietary perturbation. The changes in the absolute and relative numbers of Wolbachia, Blattabacterium-like, Solitalea-like, and Cardinium bacteria in the T. putrescentiae populations can also be caused by neutral processes other than perturbation. When nutritional status is considered, the effect of population appeared less important than the perturbation. We hypothesize that differences in the proportions of the endosymbiotic bacteria result in changes in mite population growth.KEYWORDS Tyrophagus putrescentiae, bacteria, symbiont, feeding, fitness, Cardinium, Solitalea, Bartonella, Blattabacterium, Wolbachia, 16S rRNA

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Types of haemocytes in saprophagous soil mites (Acari: Oribatida, Acaridida), and the correlation between their presence and certain processes within mites

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Microwhip Scorpions (Palpigradi) Feed on Heterotrophic Cyanobacteria in Slovak Caves – A Curiosity among Arachnida

Microwhip Scorpions (Palpigradi) Feed on Heterotrophic Cyanobacteria in Slovak Caves – A Curiosity among Arachnida

The 20th anniversary of a model mite: A review of current knowledge about Archegozetes longisetosus (Acari, Oribatida)

Experimental Manipulation Shows a Greater Influence of Population than Dietary Perturbation on the Microbiome of Tyrophagus putrescentiae

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