Types of Landslides along Lake Balaton, Hungary

Abstract

Landslides are often triggered by various mechanisms such as precipitation, increase in the groundwater table, surface load, etc. and are classified according to the geometry and intensity of the motion. This paper provides an inventory considering all these factors by interpreting landslide records and available maps of the lakeside banks of the largest lake in Central Europe, Lake Balaton. Landslides in these areas severely damaged roads and railway networks. These disasters are linked to the mass movements of hundreds of m3 in the past years. The study area, the coastal regions of the lake, is divided into three geographically and geologically different sections (Eastern Basin, North Coast, South Coast). The landslide forms and the proportion of various movements and their timing also differ in these areas: at the south coast, falls and toppling prevail, while in the eastern basin, slidings prevail. The leading cause of mass movements is soaking and human interventions in all areas. Continuous monitoring of these landslide-prone areas contributes to the prediction of sliding and help in the design of remediation actions.

Review of Construction Risks in a Nuclear Power Plant Environment

“…Construction risk is a multifaceted concept, as shown in Figure 2, it encompasses the project-level risks of a given construction. Such as: design risk: the risk of design adequacy; 1. political risk: the influence of large and mega investments at national and international level; 2. financial risk: the financial security of the client's backing to ensure the continuity of project financing and the sustainability of the project budget; 3. environmental risk: risks arising from geological, meteorological or other factors relating to the site and its immediate surroundings [17,18]; 4. management risk: risk inherent in the decisions of the project managers; 5. construction risk: construction defects inherent in the construction phases; 6. physical risk: a possible pre-planned act of terror/violence or accidental event that may result in structural damage to the project, increase construction time, construction cost; 7. logistical risk: a negative circumstance or obstacle in the procurement and use of all the raw materials and/or equipment necessary for the realisation of the project.…”