Types of Nasal Delivery Drugs and Medications in Iranian Traditional Medicine to Treatment of Headache

Abstract

Context:Headache is a common symptom throughout the world. The main purpose of patient-centered approaches is the utilization of useful and simple treatment. Nowadays, there is a rising propensity toward herbal remedies. Nasal route is one of the ancient and topical prescriptions used in headache. In Iranian traditional medicine, physicians such as Avicenna were prescribing herbal drugs through the nose to treat a variety of central nervous system diseases like headache.In this review paper, authors have attempted to introduce different types of nasal administrations which were used in Iranian traditional medicine for the treatment of headaches.Evidence Acquisition:Initially, we studied two different types of Canon and separated all herbs used in the treatment of headache. Next, all plants were classified according to the method of prescription. Then, we pick out all the plants which were nasally utilized in the treatment of headache and divided them based on the method of administration. In order to find scientific names of herbs, we used two different botany references. Moreover, we conducted various researches in scientific databases with the aim of finding results concerning the analgesic and antinociceptive effects of herbs. Throughout the research, key terms were “analgesic” and “antinociceptive “with the scientific names of all herbs separately. The databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library and SID.Results:35 plants were prescribed for the treatment of headaches, which were all nasally used. These plants took either the form of powder, liquid or gas (steam). They were divided in to six categories according to the method of prescription. The Percentage of usage for each method was as follows: 62% Saoot (nasal drop), 25% Shamoom (smell), 17% Inkabab (vapor), 11% Nafookh (snuff), 11% Nashooq (inhaling) and 2% Bokhoor (smoke).Conclusions:Medications that are used via nasal delivery have greater effect than oral medications. Iranian physicians were fully aware of systemic effects of topical medications, including prescription drugs through the nose. The study of ancient medical texts helps us in identification of herbal medicine and the investigation of new way for the preparation of drugs.

Exposition of respiratory ailments from trace metals concentrations in incenses

“…The high trace metals concentrations in incense from these countries attribute to (a) the absorption and translocation of pollutants through the roots, barks, stem, leaves, and resin of frankincense trees from the atmosphere, (b) the contamination of trace metals during the collection and storage process of the Oudh wood and frankincense resin, besides, the shelf life period and, (c) species specificity and quality of the resin that retained the trace metals concentrations. These findings agreed with the earlier studies 12 , 14 , 17 , 19 .…”

A Pilot Study on Bioactive Constituents and Analgesic Effects of MyrLiq®, a Commiphora myrrha Extract with a High Furanodiene Content

“…These results indicate that MyrLiq significantly reduces headache pain in both men and women, and the reduction in headache pain was obtained with the lowest concentration of MyrLiq (200 mg). Several plant extracts have been used to alleviate headache pain [ 21 ], including cannabis [ 22 ], peppermint, and eucalyptus [ 23 , 24 ]. A recent study of the clinical effects of a nutraceutical preparation based on MyrLiq and ginkgo extracts supplemented with Q10, vitamin B6, and riboflavin over 6 months in patients experiencing headaches reported a significant reduction in headaches [ 25 ].…”

An Asian perspective on complementary and alternative medicine in the treatment of primary headache disorders

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