Typus melancholicus Personality Type and the Five-Factor Model of Personality

Kronmüller, Klaus‐Thomas; Backenstraß, Matthias; Kocherscheidt, Karen; Hunt, Aoife; Unger, Jörg F.; Fiedler, Peter; Mundt, Christoph

doi:10.1159/000068596

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…When discussing the 'I' within depression there are two personality types prone to depression that can be highlighted as the most frequent variants of personalities (Zerssen and Pössl, 1990;Ronningstam, 1996;Mundt et al, 1997;Kronmüller et al, 2002;Stanghellini et al, 2006;Twenge and Campbell, 2008;Twenge and Foster, 2010;Fuchs, 2019). These types are the Typus Melancholicus (Tellenbach, 1980) and the narcissistic personality type (Ehrenberg, 2010).…”

Section: The Psychological Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phenomenological model of depression: from methodological challenges to clinical advancements

Frohn,

Martiny

2023

Front. Psychol.

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In this article our overall aim is to illustrate how phenomenological psychopathology can advance the clinical work on depression. To do so, we start by unfolding the current phenomenological model of depression. We argue that this model faces a methodological challenge, which we define as ‘the challenge of patho-description’. Mental disorders, such as depression, influence how people are able to access and describe their own experiences. This becomes a challenge for phenomenological psychopathology since its methodology is based on people’s ability to describe their own experiences. To deal with this challenge, in the case of depression, we turn to the framework of phenomenological interview. We interview 12 participants (7 women, 5 men, age-range from 29 to 57 years) with moderate and severe depression. From the interview results, we show how phenomenological interview deals with the challenge of patho-description and how patho-description in depression conceals experiential nuances. We unfold these nuances and describe how people with depression pre-reflectively experience a variety of feelings, a type of agency, overly positive self-image, and relations in a hyper-social way. These descriptive nuances not only strengthen the phenomenological model of depression, but they also help advance the clinical work on depression. We firstly illustrate how the descriptive nuances can be added to current manuals and rating scales to advance diagnostic work. Secondly, we illustrate how phenomenological, ‘bottom-up’, and embodied approaches function at the pre-reflective level of experience, and that further effort at this level can help advance therapy for depression.

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Section: The Psychological Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The phenomenological model of depression: from methodological challenges to clinical advancements

Frohn,

Martiny

2023

Front. Psychol.

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“…Ein erhöhter Neurotizismus bei affektiven Patienten wurde im Einklang mit unseren Ergebnissen ebenfalls in zahlreichen anderen Studien festgestellt [20]. Erhöhte Werte in der SFT-Skala Offenheit wurden auch von Kronmüller et al [8] in einer Studie mit depressiven Patienten sowie von Steinmeyer et al [14] bei Patienten mit Persönlichkeitsstörungen festgestellt.…”

Section: Validitätunclassified

The Six Factor Test – a personality questionnaire for clinical practice and research

2007

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“…Recently, there has been a considerable amount of research concerning the effect of personality on the etiology and treatment response of depression [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and concerning personality traits genetically related to depression [14,15] . Typus melancholicus (TM) is a personality type described by Tellenbach [16] that comprises pre-and intramorbid traits of depressive patients and has attracted attention in Japan and Germany [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] . The core features of TM are a compulsive desire for orderliness and conscientiousness in interpersonal relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Typus Melancholicus in Healthy Germans

Ueki

Holzapfel²,

Sakado³

et al. 2006

Psychopathology

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Background: There have been few studies concerning the prevalence of Typus melancholicus (TM) in healthy volunteers based on age or sex. To our knowledge, no such studies have been performed in healthy Germans, but several in healthy Japanese people. Therefore, it is necessary to also determine the prevalence of TM in healthy Germans, in order to know whether the prevalence of TM is cross-culturally constant. Subjects and Methods: We examined the prevalence of TM in 121 healthy German volunteers (62 men and 59 women with a mean age ± SD of 43.9 ± 16.8 years and 47.4 ± 15.9 years, respectively). Kasahara’s Inventory for the Melancholic Type Personality (KIMTP) and von Zerssen’s F-List (F-List) were used to identify TM. The subjects were divided by age into three groups: those aged 40 years or less (group A), those aged 41–60 years (group B), and those aged 61 years or more (group C). Mean total KIMTP and F-List scores were calculated. In addition, we also calculated mean scores of the two KIMTP TM factors [‘harmony in personal relationships’ (factor 1) and ‘social norms’ (factor 2)]. Differences in scores between men and women were analyzed by Student’s t test. Differences in scores between the three age groups were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance and Scheffé’s test. Results: The KIMTP and F-List scores increased with age in both men and women. In the women, the KIMTP and F-List scores were significantly higher in groups B and C than in group A. In the women, the group C KIMTP factor 1 score was significantly higher than the group A KIMTP factor 1 score. The KIMTP and F-List scores tended to be higher for the women than for the men. Within groups B and C, the KIMTP and F-List scores and the KIMTP factor 1 score were significantly higher for the women than for the men. Conclusion: Overall, the sex and age distributions of scores for both questionnaires were similar to those obtained in previous studies in Japanese people. It is of note that our German subjects and previous Japanese subjects were not demographically controlled and, clearly, cultural backgrounds differed. Thus, KIMTP and the F-List may discriminate the TM personality with some degree of universality despite cultural differences and might be useful in cross-cultural comparisons of TM.

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Typus melancholicus Personality Type and the Five-Factor Model of Personality

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

The phenomenological model of depression: from methodological challenges to clinical advancements

The phenomenological model of depression: from methodological challenges to clinical advancements

The Six Factor Test – a personality questionnaire for clinical practice and research

Prevalence of Typus Melancholicus in Healthy Germans

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