Tyrosine and Tryptophan Influence on Tonic Immobility in the Chicken

Lacy, Mary E.; Krey, H. P. Van; Denbow, D. Michael

doi:10.3382/ps.0630176

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The possible peripheral effect of tryptophan on body temperature fosters speculation as to whether the effect of tryptophan on food intake may also be peripherally based. In an earlier study, Lacy et al (1984) found that orally administered tryptophan had no effect on tonic immobility, a behavior known to be very sensitive to brain 5-HT manipulation (Maser et al, 1975;Harston et al, 1976;Wallnau and Gallup, 1977;Hennig, 1980). It was postulated at that time that tryptophan might not be influencing food intake by increasing brain 5-HT concentrations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Tryptophan’s Influence on Feeding and Body Temperature in the Fowl

et al. 1986

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The neurotransmitter, serotonin, has been implicated in both food intake and body temperature regulation. In this experiment, the effect of tryptophan, the amino acid precursor of serotonin, on food consumption and rectal temperature in the fowl was determined. Single Comb White Leghorn cockerels were intubated with a tryptophan solution or distilled water. Tryptophan significantly (P less than or equal to .05) decreased both food intake and body temperature of the birds. These results suggest that tryptophan may inhibit food intake via peripheral rather than central mechanisms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Tryptophan’s Influence on Feeding and Body Temperature in the Fowl

et al. 1986

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“…However, 24-h feed deprivation did not eliminate the effect of supplementary Trp on aggressive behavior of 10-to 15-wk-old broiler breeders (Shea et ah, 1990), and there was no evidence of habituation to Trp over this age period. Lacy et al (1984) found no dose-related effect of Trp intubated intragastrically on TI responses. In the current study, chickens fed .4% supplementary Trp had shorter TI durations, and were more susceptible to TI induction in Week 6, consistent with a fear-attenuating effect of Trp at the .4% level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Behavioral Responses of Broiler Chickens to Handling: Effects of Dietary Tryptophan and Two Lighting Regimens

Newberry

Blair

1993

Poultry Science

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In three 2 x 2 factorial experiments, effects of added dietary Trp (0 or .2%, Experiments 1 and 2; 0 or .4%, Experiment 3) and two lighting regimens [1) constant 23-h photoperiod (23H); or 2) increasing photoperiod (INC)] on behavioral responses of broilers to handling were assessed. In Week 6 of Experiment 1, and Weeks 3 and 6 of Experiments 2 and 3, 32 chickens from each treatment were picked up and held by both legs for 30 s, carried for 60 s, and induced into tonic immobility (TI). In all experiments, chickens reared under INC were more likely to flap when carried, and flapped longer, than chickens reared under 23H (P < .01). In Experiments 2 and 3, INC chickens were more likely to curl the body ventrally when handled and were more susceptible to TI induction than 23H chickens (P < .05). The duration of TI was shorter on INC than 23H in Experiment 2 (P < .05), and longer in Experiment 3 (P < .001). Dietary Trp supplementation resulted in a lower flapping duration and higher incidence of body curling in Experiment 2 (P < .05), and a shorter TI duration in Experiment 3 (P < .05). Flapping, body curling, and TI responses of chickens varied between handlers (P < .05). Vocalization and flapping rates were lower, and flapping incidence and duration of flapping and TI higher, in Week 6 than in Week 3 (P < .05). Chickens reared under INC may be at greater risk of injury during preslaughter handling than chickens reared under 23H.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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“…Inadequate protein supplementation of the diet is often cited as a factor contributins to the behavioral problem of tail-biring by pigs (e.g., Gadd 1967;Jericho and Church 1972;Dalrymple 1978 (Mench and Shea 1988; Harper and Peters 1989) including increased excitability or aggressiveness (Chamberlain et al 1987;Munoz-Blanco and Castillo 1987) or increased docility (Lacy et al 1984 (Fraser 1987a), and that certain dietary mineral deficiencies may exacerbate the problem by causing a heightened attraction to blood (Fraser 1987b Four diets were used: (1) the control diet, (2) the negative diet from exp. 1, (3) a "lysine-added" diet.…”

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Enhanced attraction to blood by pigs with inadequate dietary protein supplementation

Fraser¹,

Bernon²,

Ball³

1991

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. Enhanced attraction to blood by pigs with inadequate dietary protein supplementation. Can. J. Anim. In two experiments, 60 individually penned growing pigs were exposed daily to two sections of cotton cord, one of which had been soaked with pigs' blood and subsequently dried, while the other was plain. The animals' preference for chewing-on the blood-impregnated cord was quantified by direct observation. When fed a standard "control" diet of corn, birley, and soybean meal with mineral and vitamin supplements, the pigs had a clear but modest preference for chewing the blood-impregnated cord. Omission of the proiein supplement ( Or, I'omission du compl6ment prot6ique (tourteau de soja) dans la ration pendant quatre semaines augmente nettement I'atiraction pour le sang et donne lieu d une r6duction significative du gain de poids corporel. Dans la deuxibme exp6rience, la compl6mentation de cette ration "n6gative" )r la (a) lysine rynihetiqu", ou (b) lysine synth6tique et d'autres acides amin6s synth6tiques, entraine des gains de poids interm6diaires entre ceux obtenus ir mdme les rations t6moins et n6gatives. L'attraction pour le sang est 6galement interm6diaire en moyenne, bien que non signficativement inf6rieure ) celle obtenue avec la raiion n6gative. Les porcs nourris des rations compl6ment6s aux acides amin6s affichent des gains de poids trds variables. Ceux qui ont affich6 un gain de poids aussi rapide que les t6moins ont montr6 relitivement peu d'attraction pour le sang, alors que ceux qui ont affich6 une nette baisse de gain de poids ont eu tendance (mais pas toujours) ir etre davantage attir6s par le sang-. Les auteurs pensent qu'une i6duction de la croissance provoqu6e par une nutrition carenc6e en prot6ine pr6dispose les animaux d une attraction accrue pour le sang et qu'un rapport de ce genre pourrait aider ir expliquer le lien maintes fois signal6 entre les carences alimentaires et le syndrome du mordillement de la queue.

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Tyrosine and Tryptophan Influence on Tonic Immobility in the Chicken

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

Tryptophan’s Influence on Feeding and Body Temperature in the Fowl

Tryptophan’s Influence on Feeding and Body Temperature in the Fowl

Behavioral Responses of Broiler Chickens to Handling: Effects of Dietary Tryptophan and Two Lighting Regimens

Enhanced attraction to blood by pigs with inadequate dietary protein supplementation

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