Tyrosine hydroxylase coordinates larval–pupal tanning and immunity in oriental fruit fly (<scp><i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i></scp>)

Chen, Er-Hu; Hou, Qiu‐Li; Wei, Dandan; Dou, Wei; Zhao, Liang; Yang, Pei-Shan; Smagghe, Guy; Wang, Jinjun

doi:10.1002/ps.4738

Cited by 34 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In Agrotis ipsilon , most of the CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated AiTh knockout embryos can develop but cannot hatch, while the other successfully hatched embryos died within the first day . Similarly, injection dsRNA against Th or feeding TH inhibitor lead to a severe obstacle to larval‐pupal metamorphosis and adult eclosion in Tribolium castaneum , Anopheles sinensis and several fly species, followed by death in most cases . From these findings, we conclude that Th is an important survival gene in holometabolous insects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

RNA interference of tyrosine hydroxylase caused rapid mortality by impairing cuticle formation in Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Liu

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: The application of RNA interference (RNAi) technique in controlling agricultural insect pests has been receiving much attention since the discovery of RNAi. The brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens, a notorious pest of rice, has evolved a high level of resistance to many kinds of insecticides. Tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) is an indispensable survival gene in holometabolous insects, playing key roles in cuticle tanning and immunity. In this study, we investigated whether Th could be used as a potential target in controlling N. lugens.RESULTS: Here, we demonstrated that NlTh had a periodical expression pattern during molting with the highest level observed in epidermis. Dysfunction of NlTH by dsNlTh microinjection or 3-IT feeding similarly caused rapid death of N. lugens. Compared with dsGFP control BPHs, dsNlTh injected BPHs (i) had cuticle pigmentation and sclerotizaton defects; (ii) had less endocuticle lamella in tergum integument; (iii) showed higher mortality during the molting process as a result of defective cuticle shedding; (iv) showed feeding disorders indicated by a low number of probe wound dots on rice; (v) had more vulnerable cuticle.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that TH orthologues play a conservative and crucial role for exocuticle tanning in both holometabolous and hemimetabolous insects, and NlTh could be targeted for RNAi-mediated BPH control. The rapid lethal phenotype of NlTH dysfunction BPHs partly induced by cuticle formation defects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

RNA interference of tyrosine hydroxylase caused rapid mortality by impairing cuticle formation in Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Liu

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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“…In the process of melanin formation, both PO and TH catalyze tyrosine hydroxylation to generate the melanin precursor dopa. Dopa is then transformed into dopamine with the catalyzation of DDC, and finally melanin is formed . Entomovirus indirectly affects the melanization of insect herbivores by reducing the melanization enzyme activity in insect hemolymph.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dopa is then transformed into dopamine with the catalyzation of DDC, and finally melanin is formed. [19][20][21][22] Entomovirus indirectly affects the melanization of insect herbivores by reducing the melanization enzyme activity in insect hemolymph. For instance, inhibition of melanization by NPV infection in cotton bollworm caterpillars was due to reduced levels of PO activity in the infected host hemolymph.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunity of an insect herbivore to an entomovirus is affected by different host plants

Wang

Zhang

Siemann

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Interactions between herbivorous insects and entomoviruses may depend on host plant, perhaps mediated through changes in herbivore innate immunity. RESULTS Caterpillars (Spodoptera exigua) fed Glycine max had high viral loads and low melanization rates together with low melanization enzyme [PO, DDC, TH] activities and gene expressions. Caterpillars fed Ipomoea aquatica had low viral loads and high melanization, gene activities and gene expressions while those fed Brassica oleracea or artificial diet had intermediate levels of each. Melanization rates were negatively correlated with viral loads and positively correlated with activity and expression of each of the three enzymes. Some diet effects on enzymes were constitutive because the same diets led to low (G. max) or high (I. aquatica) melanization related gene activities and expressions without infection. CONCLUSION Diet influences the interactions between insect herbivores and viruses by shaping the innate immune response both at the onset of infection and afterwards as viral loads accumulate over a period of days. In addition, diets that lead to low viral loads are associated with high activities and gene expressions of a variety of melanization related enzymes suggesting a common causative mechanism. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Some melanin biosynthesis pathway genes, including tyrosine hydroxylase ( TH ), phenylalanine hydroxylase ( PAH ) and Lac2 have been associated with the melanotic encapsulation immune responses triggered by microorganism infections in certain insect species ( Infanger et al, 2004 ; Qiao et al, 2016 ; Du et al, 2017 ; Chen et al, 2018 ). A recent study demonstrated that Lac2 silencing in A. sinensis significantly reduced the resistance to the exogenous bacteria Serratia marcescens and Bacillus bombyseptie , implying that Lac2 participates in melanotic immune responses ( Du et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi-Mediated Suppression of Laccase2 Impairs Cuticle Tanning and Molting in the Cotton Boll Weevil (Anthonomus grandis)

et al. 2020

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Tyrosine hydroxylase coordinates larval–pupal tanning and immunity in oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis)

Abstract: These results suggest that BdTH might play a critical role in larval-pupal tanning and immunity of B. dorsalis, and could be used as a potential novel target for pest control. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cited by 34 publications

References 44 publications

RNA interference of tyrosine hydroxylase caused rapid mortality by impairing cuticle formation in Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

RNA interference of tyrosine hydroxylase caused rapid mortality by impairing cuticle formation in Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Immunity of an insect herbivore to an entomovirus is affected by different host plants

RNAi-Mediated Suppression of Laccase2 Impairs Cuticle Tanning and Molting in the Cotton Boll Weevil (Anthonomus grandis)

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