U.S. Burden of Cancer by Race and Ethnicity According to Disability-Adjusted Life Years

Lortet‐Tieulent, Joannie; Soerjomataram, Isabelle; Lin, Chun Chieh; Coebergh, Jan Willem; Jemal, Ahmedin

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2016.07.039

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, the remaining life expectancy for a 50-year-old NH Black man was 2.9 years less than the national average for all 50-year-old men ( Supplementary Table 1 , available online). This method is also consistent with methods used in earlier studies ( 8 , 9 , 11 , 20 , 21 ). However, a disadvantage of using national average life expectancies, as in our primary analysis, is that cancer-attributable PYLLs may be over- or underestimated for populations with lower or higher than average life expectancy, respectively.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Race/ethnicity-specific life expectancies were not used in the primary analysis because they incorporate existing mortality disparities into PYLL estimates ( 8 , 20 ). For example, the remaining life expectancy for a 50-year-old NH Black man was 2.9 years less than the national average for all 50-year-old men ( Supplementary Table 1 , available online).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A prior analysis of 2011 US mortality data showed that racial/ethnic minorities had higher PYLLs due to premature cancer death compared with Whites ( 8 ). However, although premature death also results in substantial economic losses to society, little research has addressed the racial disparities in economic burden associated with PYLLs due to cancer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Lost Earnings From Cancer Deaths in the United States

Zhao

Miller

Islami

et al. 2020

JNCI Cancer Spectrum

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Little is known about disparities in economic burden due to premature cancer deaths by race/ethnicity in the United States. This study aimed to compare person-years of life lost (PYLL) and lost earnings due to premature cancer deaths by race/ethnicity. Methods PYLL was calculated using recent national cancer death and life expectancy data. PYLL was combined with annual median earnings to generate lost earnings. We compared PYLL and lost earnings among individuals who died at age 16-84 years due to cancer by racial/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic (NH) white, NH black, NH Asian or Pacific Islander (API), and Hispanic). Results In 2015, PYLL due to all premature cancer deaths were 6,512,810 for NH whites, 1,196,709 for NH blacks, 279,721 for APIs, and 665,968 for Hispanics, translating to age-standardized lost earning rates (per 100,000 person-years) of $34.9 million, $43.5 million, $22.2 million, and $24.5 million, respectively. NH blacks had higher age-standardized PYLL and lost earning rates than NH whites for 13 out of 19 selected cancer sites. If age-specific PYLL and lost earning rates for NH blacks were the same as those of NH whites, 241,334 PYLLs and $3.2 billion lost earnings (22.6% of the total lost earnings among NH blacks) would have been avoided. Disparities were also observed for average PYLL and lost earnings per cancer death for all cancers combined and 18 out of 19 cancer sites. Conclusions Improving equal access to effective cancer prevention, screening, and treatment will be important in reducing the disproportional economic burden associated with racial/ethnic disparities.

show abstract

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Lost Earnings From Cancer Deaths in the United States

Zhao

Miller

Islami

et al. 2020

JNCI Cancer Spectrum

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With the emerging evidence that sporadic, young-onset CRC may have distinct molecular features compared to cancers that arise in older individuals (e.g. chromosomal instability, higher prevalence of mucinous or poorly differentiated tumors), 22–26 and the fact that these patients are often detected at a more advanced stage 9 with dramatically greater years of life lost, 27 there is an urgent and unmet public health and clinical need to identify risk factors of young-onset CRC to develop targeted preventive and detection strategies for younger adults with higher risk. 8,28 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Obesity With Risk of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Among Women

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Importance: Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality among individuals under age 50 (young-onset CRC) are rising. The reasons for such increase are largely unknown, although the surging prevalence of obesity may be partially responsible. Objective: To investigate prospectively the association between obesity and weight gain since early adulthood with risk of young-onset CRC. Design: Prospective cohort. Setting: U.S.-based Nurses’ Health Study II. Participants: 85,256 women aged 25 to 44 years free of cancer and inflammatory bowel disease at enrollment were followed from 1989 to 2011. Validated anthropomorphic measures and lifestyle information were self-reported biennially. Exposures: Current body mass index (BMI), BMI at age 18, and weight gain since age 18. Main Outcomes and Measures: Relative risk (RR) for incident young-onset CRC. Results: We documented 114 cases of young-onset CRC during 1,196,452 person-years of follow-up. Compared to women with BMI 18.5–22.9 kg/m2, the multivariable RR was 1.37 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81–2.30] for overweight women (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2) and 1.93 (95% CI: 1.15–3.25) for obese women (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). The RR for each 5 kg/m2 increment in BMI was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.05–1.38, P-trend=0.01). Similar associations were observed among women without a family history of CRC and without lower endoscopy within the past 10 years. Both BMI at age 18 and weight gain since age 18 contributed to this observation. Compared to women with BMI 18.5–20.9 kg/m2 at age 18, the RR of young-onset CRC was 1.63 (95% CI: 1.01–2.61) for women with BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2 at age 18 (P-trend=0.66). Similarly, compared to women who had gained < 5 kg or had lost weight, the RR of young-onset CRC was 2.15 (95% CI: 1.01–4.55) for women with ≥ 40 kg weight gain since age 18 (P-trend=0.007). Conclusion and Relevance: Obesity was associated with an increased risk of young-onset CRC among women. Further investigations among men and to elucidate underlying biological mechanisms are warranted.

show abstract

“…Over the past decades, however, ACS scientists and researchers from other agencies have reported substantial disparities in progress against cancer among populations defined by race/ethnicity, region of residence, and socioeconomic status (SES) . These findings suggest that not all segments of the US population have benefitted equally from advances in cancer prevention, early detection, and treatments and that the US cancer mortality can be lowered considerably by applying known interventions equitably and broadly …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The American Cancer Society 2035 challenge goal on cancer mortality reduction

Jemal

Fedewa

et al. 2019

CA A Cancer J Clinicians

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A summary evaluation of the 2015 American Cancer Society (ACS) challenge goal showed that overall US mortality from all cancers combined declined 26% over the period from 1990 to 2015. Recent research suggests that US cancer mortality can still be lowered considerably by applying known interventions broadly and equitably. The ACS Board of Directors, therefore, commissioned ACS researchers to determine challenge goals for reductions in cancer mortality by 2035. A statistical model was used to estimate the average annual percent decline in overall cancer death rates among the US general population and among college-educated Americans during the most recent period. Then, the average annual percent decline in the overall cancer death rates of college graduates was applied to the death rates in the general population to project future rates in the United States beginning in 2020. If overall cancer death rates from 2020 through 2035 nationally decline at the pace of those of college graduates, then death rates in 2035 in the United States will drop by 38.3% from the 2015 level and by 54.4% from the 1990 level. On the basis of these results, the ACS 2035 challenge goal was set as a 40% reduction from the 2015 level. Achieving this goal could lead to approximately 1.3 million fewer cancer deaths than would have occurred from 2020 through 2035 and 122,500 fewer cancer deaths in 2035 alone. The results also show that reducing the prevalence of risk factors and achieving optimal adherence to evidence-based screening guidelines by 2025 could lead to a 33.5% reduction in the overall cancer death rate by 2035, attaining 85% of the challenge goal. CA Cancer J Clin 2019;69:351-362.

show abstract

U.S. Burden of Cancer by Race and Ethnicity According to Disability-Adjusted Life Years

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Lost Earnings From Cancer Deaths in the United States

Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Lost Earnings From Cancer Deaths in the United States

Association of Obesity With Risk of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Among Women

The American Cancer Society 2035 challenge goal on cancer mortality reduction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About