U.S. DOE integrated collaborative technology development program for CO₂ separation and capture

Abstract

Electric power generation represents one of the largest carbon dioxide (C02)

Capture of carbon dioxide from flue or fuel gas mixtures by clathrate crystallization in a silica gel column

“…Capture of CO 2 from power plant flue gases from conventional power plants or from fuel gases from gasification plants is a technological application of gas hydrates under consideration (Aaron and Tsouris, 2005;Kang and Lee, 2000;Klara and Srivastava, 2002;Kumar et al, 2009;Linga et al, 2008Linga et al, , 2007aSeo et al, 2005). Post-combustion CO 2 capture involves separation of CO 2 from the flue gas mixture emitted from a power plant.…”

“…A process combining three hydrate crystallization stages and a membrane separation stage has been proposed for the capture of carbon dioxide from such mixtures (Linga et al, , 2007a. On the other hand pre-combustion capture involves separation of carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide/hydrogen mixture (Herzog and Drake, 1996;Klara and Srivastava, 2002). A typical fuel gas mixture is a mixture of predominantly H 2 ($60 mol%) and CO 2 ($40 mol%) (Booras and Smelser, 1991;Hendriks et al, 1991) coming out from an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) at a pressure of 2.5-7 MPa (IPCC, 2005).…”

Finial Scientific/Technical Report: Application of a Circulating Fluidized Bed Process for the Chemical Looping Combustion of Solid Fuel

“…The Energy Information Administration in the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) projects U.S. consumption of coal, oil and natural gas to increase by 40%, and carbon emissions to rise by 33% over the next 20 years. 5 Compared to other fossil fuels, coal combustion suffers inherent CO 2 disadvantages because of its combustion characteristics and inefficient older combustion systems.…”

“…Two general approaches for CO 2 purification were listed as DOE potential developing projects, which includes pre-combustion de-carbonization and postcombustion capture. 5 The program milestone is to demonstrate a series of systems that provide safe and cost effective GHG capture, storage and mitigation technologies at the commercial scale by 2012, followed by substantial market penetration beyond 2012.…”

“…If the indirect path is dominant, the properties of pyrolysis and gasification of solid fuels should be considered. All reactions related to the pyrolysis and gasification of fossil fuel are endothermic, as illustrated by Equations (3), (4) and (5). During the endothermic reaction, heat input is needed to drive the reaction.…”