U.S. mental health policy: Addressing the neglect of Asian Americans.

Hall, Gordon C. Nagayama; Yee, Alicia H.

doi:10.1037/a0029950

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Since the passing of the Community Mental Health Centers (CMHC) Act, 1963, mental health care in the community has been broadened [ 68 ]. Yet, there are a limited number of mental health services targeted for diverse Asian American community members who may be experiencing added challenges such as limited English proficiency and poverty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Mental Health Help-Seeking Among Asian Americans: a Systematic Review

Kim

Lee

2021

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Objective Asian Americans are underutilizing mental health services. The aim of the current systematic review was to identify protective and risk factors of mental health help-seeking patterns among the disaggregated Asian Americans and to classify types of help. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. The Health Belief Model served as the theoretical framework for this review. Thirty-four articles were reviewed, and the studies investigated one of the following Asian ethnic subgroups: Chinese, Filipino, Asian Indian, Korean, or Vietnamese. Data were extracted based on the study characteristics, sample characteristics, and protective and risk factors to mental health help-seeking patterns. Results Predisposing factors like female gender, higher levels of English proficiency, and history of mental illness increased the likelihood for help-seeking across several ethnic groups. Interestingly, cues to action and structural factors were under-examined. However, cues to action like having a positive social network did increase the likelihood of using formal support services among Chinese and Filipinx participants. Structural factors like lacking ethnic concordant providers and access to healthcare served as barriers for Korean and Vietnamese participants. Discussion The findings showed a need for ethnic tailored approaches when supporting mental health help-seeking patterns. Asian ethnic group’s immigration status, acculturation level, and psychological barriers to help-seeking should continue to be emphasized. Psychoeducational groups can be beneficial to expand the knowledge base surrounding mental illness and to link group members to culturally responsive resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Mental Health Help-Seeking Among Asian Americans: a Systematic Review

Kim

Lee

2021

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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“…Despite the urgent need to address Asian American cancer disparities, there is a paucity of research on this topic. Unfortunately, the very model minority health stereotype that we describe in this article may result in the neglect of Asian American health needs, similar to the neglect of Asian American mental health needs (Hall & Yee, 2012). The reduction of Asian American cancer disparities will not occur unless it becomes a national priority for policy, funding, research, training, and interventions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Asian American cancer disparities: The potential effects of model minority health stereotypes.

Ibaraki¹,

Hall²,

Sabin³

2014

Asian American Journal of Psychology

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Racial/ethnic disparities exist in health care that are not fully explained by differences in access to care, clinical appropriateness, or patient preferences (Smedley, Stith, & Nelson, 2002). An important health disparity that exists within the Asian American population is in preventive cancer screenings. The rates of physicians recommending cancer screening among Asian Americans are disproportionately lower than justified by the relatively small ethnic group differences in cancer and mortality rates (U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group, 2012). Despite cancer being the leading cause of death for Asian Americans, (National Center for Health Statistics, 2011) screening rates for cervical and breast cancer in Asian American women, and colorectal cancer in Asian American women and men are well below those of any other ethnic group (King, 2012; U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group, 2012). In this article, we present a conceptual model that seeks to explain a factor in these lower screening rates. We review and incorporate in our model established mechanisms in the literature including physician-patient communication, patient variables, and physician variables. We also propose a new mechanism that may be specific to the Asian American population-the impact of the model minority myth and how that may translate into positive health stereotypes. These positive implicit or explicit health stereotypes can interact with time pressure and limited information to influence physician decision making and cancer screening recommendations. Suggestions are offered for testing this model including using the Implicit Association Test and the Error Choice technique.

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“…16 Finally, 60% of Asian immigrants, including those with high educational attainment, experience acculturative stress associated with learning and fitting into a new culture, concerns about legal status, cultural conflicts and language barriers. 17 Given the complexity of the psychosocial determinants underlying depression and anxiety, it is challenging to identify Asian Americans at high risk of developing these psychiatric disorders, particularly given that they are more reluctant to disclose their mental health status to others. 3 17 Thus far, a few biomarkers have been used to predict depression, including cytokines and inflammatory markers, oxidative stress markers, endocrine markers, energy balance hormones, genetic/epigenetic factors and structural and functional brain imaging.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

How stress, discrimination, acculturation and the gut microbiome affect depression, anxiety and sleep among Chinese and Korean immigrants in the USA: a cross-sectional pilot study protocol

et al. 2021

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IntroductionAlthough a considerable proportion of Asians in the USA experience depression, anxiety and poor sleep, these health issues have been underestimated due to the model minority myth about Asians, the stigma associated with mental illness, lower rates of treatment seeking and a shortage of culturally tailored mental health services. Indeed, despite emerging evidence of links between psychosocial risk factors, the gut microbiome and depression, anxiety and sleep quality, very few studies have examined how these factors are related in Chinese and Korean immigrants in the USA. The purpose of this pilot study was to address this issue by (a) testing the usability and feasibility of the study’s multilingual survey measures and biospecimen collection procedure among Chinese and Korean immigrants in the USA and (b) examining how stress, discrimination, acculturation and the gut microbiome are associated with depression, anxiety and sleep quality in this population.Method and analysisThis is a cross-sectional pilot study among first and second generations of adult Chinese and Korean immigrants in the greater Atlanta area (Georgia, USA). We collected (a) gut microbiome samples and (b) data on psychosocial risk factors, depression, anxiety and sleep disturbance using validated, online surveys in English, Chinese and Korean. We aim to recruit 60 participants (30 Chinese, 30 Korean). We will profile participants’ gut microbiome using 16S rRNA V3-V4 sequencing data, which will be analysed by QIIME 2. Associations of the gut microbiome and psychosocial factors with depression, anxiety and sleep disturbance will be analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including linear regression.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board at Emory University (IRB ID: STUDY00000935). Results will be made available to Chinese and Korean community members, the funder and other researchers and the broader scientific community.

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U.S. mental health policy: Addressing the neglect of Asian Americans.

Cited by 35 publications

References 66 publications

Factors Associated with Mental Health Help-Seeking Among Asian Americans: a Systematic Review

Factors Associated with Mental Health Help-Seeking Among Asian Americans: a Systematic Review

Asian American cancer disparities: The potential effects of model minority health stereotypes.

How stress, discrimination, acculturation and the gut microbiome affect depression, anxiety and sleep among Chinese and Korean immigrants in the USA: a cross-sectional pilot study protocol

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