“…In addition to an increased focus on research involving the mathematical practices over the past decade (e.g., Bernander et al, 2020;Bleiler et al, 2015;Bostic & Matney, 2014;Davis et al, 2018), there exists extensive research pertaining to those processes (National Council of Teachers of Mathematics [NCTM], 2000) and proficiencies (National Research Council [NCR], 2001) that ground them. Furthermore, there is a growing body of research (e.g., Riordan & Noyce, 2001;Senk & Thompson, 2003) indicating that students in classrooms that utilize reform curricula (e.g., aligned to NCTM Standards) not only perform as well on standardized tests as do their counterparts in more traditional programs, but also outperform these same students on tests measuring conceptual understanding, applications, and problem-solving ability (Schoenfeld, 2007, p. 540).…”