A family of compounds with general chemical formula Ln 2 [(UO 2 ) 2 V 2 O 8 ] 3 •nH 2 O, where Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Er, Yb, Y has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. The structures of all these compounds can be described as the stacking of carnotite-type uranyl vanadate layers pillared by lanthanide−oxygen polyhedra. Except for La, they are isostructural, and the crystal structure determination of Ndshows that the ud/du/du geometrical isomers of the uranyl vanadate layers are pillared by Nd(O yl ) 2 (H 2 O) 7 and Y(O yl ) 2 (H 2 O) 6 polyhedra, respectively, through interactions between the lanthanide ion and the oxygens O yl of two vanadyl ions forming VO yl −Ln−O yl V entities. In the La compound, the ud/du geometrical isomers of the uranyl vanadate layers are pillared by La(O yl ) 2 (H 2 O) 8 , through interactions between the lanthanum ion and the oxygens O yl of one vanadyl and one uranyl ion, forming UO yl −La−O yl V entities. Thermogravimetric and high-temperature X-ray diffraction studies show that the dehydration of the La compound is also singular; while the dehydration of other compounds involves a regular decrease in the interlayer space, for La it is realized through structural transitions. Upon partial dehydration, the La crystalline material undergoes a single-crystal to single-crystal transition between the 20-and 6-hydrates. Despite very large variation of the unit cell parameters and volume (ΔV = −27.8%!), the crystal remained of sufficient quality to allow the crystal structure determination of the hexahydrate. The total dehydration is reversible.