Über die Temperatur- und Stabilitätsverhältnisse von Seen

Schmidt, Wilhelm

doi:10.2307/519789

Cited by 103 publications

(94 citation statements)

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“…The rotifer trophic state index (TSI Rot ) was calculated after Ejsmont- Karabin (2012). The stratification force, which is defined as the energy required to convert the vertical distribution of water density to uniform density in the water column by blending, but without heat gain or heat loss, is expressed using the Schmidt stability index (S), which is calculated using the formula proposed by Schmidt (1928) and Idso (1973).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Abiotic and Biotic Conditions in Post-Mining Pit Lakes for Efficient Management: A Case Study (Poland)

et al. 2017

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Abiotic and Biotic Conditions in Post-Mining Pit Lakes for Efficient Management: A Case Study (Poland)

et al. 2017

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“…Magnitude and temperature of discharge from the lake were monitored continuously using a calibrated weir and pressure transducer with temperature sensor, and hydraulic residence time on each day was calculated as the number of summed preceding discharge days (m 3 d À1 ) required to equal the lake volume (1.8 Â 10 5 m 3 ). Lake thermal stability was calculated from thermal profiles according to Schmidt (1928) following the modifications of Idso (1973).…”

Section: Sample Collection and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenology of high-elevation pelagic bacteria: the roles of meteorologic variability, catchment inputs and thermal stratification in structuring communities

2008

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Many eukaryotic communities exhibit predictable seasonality in species composition, but such phenological patterns are not well-documented in bacterial communities. This study quantified seasonal variation in the community composition of bacterioplankton in a high-elevation lake in the Sierra Nevada of California over a 3-year period of [2004][2005][2006]. Bacterioplankton exhibited consistent phenological patterns, with distinct, interannually recurring community types characteristic of the spring snowmelt, ice-off and fall-overturn periods in the lake. Thermal stratification was associated with the emergence of specific communities each summer and increased community heterogeneity throughout the water column. Two key environmental variables modulated by regional meteorologic variation, lake residence time and thermal stability, predicted the timing of occurrence of community types each year with 75% accuracy, and each corresponded with different aspects of variation in community composition (orthogonal ordination axes). Seasonal variation in dissolved organic matter source was characterized fluorometrically in 2005 and was highly correlated with overall variation in bacterial community structure (r Mantel ¼ 0.75, Po0.001) and with the relative contributions of specific phylotypes within the Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria and b-Proteobacteria. The seasonal dynamics of bacterial clades (tracked through coupling of randomized clone sequence libraries to restriction fragment length polymorphism fingerprints) matched previous results from alpine lakes and were variously related to solute inputs, thermal stability and temperature. Taken together, these results describe a phenology of high-elevation bacterioplankton communities linked to climatedriven physical and chemical lake characteristics already known to regulate eukaryotic plankton community structure.

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“…Schmidt ( 1928) therefore identified the second right-hand term as the mathematical equivalent of the work required for the latter conceptual transformation. That is, he defined the stability of a lake as a whole-basin quantity as WfJ = $i'c& -Q(pi--p,)&dx (7) 00 with Wr = WB f Ws, An alternative means of obtaining an expression for the stability of a lake is to consider the physics of the problem and write an equation for it directly, as did Birge ( 1916) in developing equation 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Starting from equation 1 and the relation defining the depth of center of the volume moment, or more simply, the volume centroid, Schmidt (1928) substituted the expression xv -( xU -z ) for z in 1 to obtain --$(Zv -4 (pi-p&Wz, …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Birge ( 1916) defined the work of the wind as the minimum work required to overcome buoyancy forces in distributing a given surface heat load within an initially unstratified lake of minimum heat content (generally assumed to be at 4"C), so as to produce an observed density stratification. Schmidt (1928) defined the stability of a lake as the additional work that would be required to transform this density distribution into one of new uniformity without further addition or subtraction of heat. Although both of these quantities are only small, varying, and unknown parts of the total wind work performed against viscous forces in generating turbulence, they have enjoyed a long history of significant usage in limnology.…”

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confidence: 99%

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