Über eine biologische Bedeutung der Gallenfarbstoffe. Bilirubin und Biliverdin als Antioxydantien für das Vitamin A und die essentiellen Fettsäuren

Abstract

catkgorie de solutions. On Btablit sur la droite s1 ( fig. 3) la position du point R, (solution saturBe de D5-1-10 exempte de phosphate monocalcique appartenant it la catBgorie sl).Dans la construction auxiliaire ( fig. 3), on dispose ainsi de deux points (R, e t S,') it l'aide desquels on peut tracer la droite gr.On mkne par le point R, une droite parallkle it gl. Le point d'interscction de cette droite g, avec la ligne h, est le point X,' qui fournit les coordonnBes fx,' et dxi de la solution X, cherchke.2. Le procBdh d'interpolation que nous avons utilisk ci-dessus pour obtenir les coordonnkes de solutions saturkes simultankment de CaI+ D5.l.lo s'applique, sans modification, aussi it l'htablissement de points figuratifs situks sup les autres surfaces B 2 sels qui &parent le solide de saturation du Car des solides de saturation des divers nitrates du systhme quinaire Cz++-NH4+-H+-NO3--PO4----H

Different Faces of the Heme-Heme Oxygenase System in Inflammation

“…Bilirubin was only recently recognized as a potentially important anti-oxidant of physiological significance (Stocker et al, 1987), although this property had already been known for some time (Bernard et al, 1954). Administration of bilirubin demonstrated to be cytoprotective in models of ischemic heart injury and oxidative damage Clark et al, 2000).…”

Limited Role for the Bilirubin-Biliverdin Redox Amplification Cycle in the Cellular Antioxidant Protection by Biliverdin Reductase

“…Abnormally high plasma concentrations are associated with the risk of developing neurologic dysfunction due to preferential deposition of bilirubin in brain and its toxic effects on cell functions. In fact for many years, biliverdin and bilirubin were generally regarded as waste products of heme metabolism in higher animals, although earlier work suggested that these bile pigments might play a role as natural antioxidants, since small quantities of the pigment stabilize vitamin A and ␤-carotene during intestinal uptake, and animals with low plasma bilirubin showed early signs of vitamin E deficiency (4,5).…”

Potential role of conjugated bilirubin and copper in the metabolism of lipid peroxides in bile.

“…Some earlier and neglected work has also suggested that bilirubin might play a role as an antioxidant (9)(10)(11). Indeed, reactions of bilirubin involving free radicals (12,13) or toxic oxygen reduction products are well documented in the literature: unconjugated bilirubin scavenges singlet oxygen with high efficiency (14), reacts with superoxide anion (15) and peroxyl radicals (7), and serves as a reducing substrate for peroxidases in the presence of hydrogen peroxide or organic hydroperoxides (16,17).…”