Überwachung und Modellierung der Tragstruktur von Windenergieanlagen

Abstract

The basis for creating a digital twin is a suitable model with a close connection to reality in the form of measurement data. In this paper it is explained how model and measurement data of the support structure of a wind turbine can be obtained. The procedure is implemented on a real wind turbine with a concrete/steel hybrid tower. The monitoring includes the acquisition of vibrations, strains and temperature as well as the determination of the dynamic Young's modulus of the concrete structure by sound velocity measurements. For modeling, a finite element model with shell elements was chosen, which takes into account stiffening effects from static loads. A comparison between model and reality is the most important premise for the use of a digital twin: Therefore, a multi-stage model validation based on modal parameters and local material stresses is performed. The Digital Twin offers different usage scenarios; here one is carried out: the fatigue calculation and remaining useful life (RUL) estimation. For this purpose, material stresses at highly stressed positions are determined using measurement data and model. The results are currently still unrealistically high lifetimes for the concrete part. The results are based on relatively short (1 h, 24 h) stress time series. This could be one reason for the high values. It could also be an indication that fatigue is a non-critical load case for the concrete part.

Digital Twin Technologies for Turbomachinery in a Life Cycle Perspective: A Review

“…From Table 1, it can be concluded that most research focuses on turbines [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] and aeroengines [14,[45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. In terms of the application of turbines, research on wind turbines [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] accounts for a large proportion. In the aerospace field, some scholars have made efforts on aeroengines [45,47], while others have studied aircraft [14,[49][50][51][52].…”

“…From the perspective of the life cycle, the most numerous phases are monitoring [30][31][32][34][35][36][37]47] and manufacturing [27,[39][40][41]45,51]. In addition, there is currently a certain amount of research in the prediction [14,25,26,44,46] and design [27,38,42] phases, and many scholars are also concerned about the operation and maintenance [29,43,51] phase.…”

“…Thus, in recent years, most of the research has been related to turbomachinery assets. There are some studies that have established a complete system or platform [26,30,[35][36][37][38]43,52]; however, more research has only proposed a framework or model of the DT [14,24,25,[27][28][29][31][32][33][34][39][40][41][42][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51], and turning them into practical applications remains to be studied. A practical assembly site which is consisted by coordination element, coordination relationship, and control method for coordination accuracy Notes: "Yes" or "No" under Sustainability: The object has sustainability or not; "-": Related information is not available from the source.…”

Dauerschwingverhalten von Betonstahl im Dauerfestigkeitsbereich N ≥ 10 Millionen

“…In dem Forschungsprojekt MISTRALWIND [20] wurde eine Windenergieanlage in Hybridbauweise mit einem Monitoringkonzept ausgestattet. Dabei wurde festgestellt, dass nur geringe Belastungen im eigentlichen Bauteil ankommen.…”

“…Eine Abnahme der Bemessungs-Wöhlerlinie mit niedrigerer Stei gung erscheint daher gerechtfertigt. Jedoch sollten aufgrund der hier aufgezeigten Streuung der einzelnen Ergebnisse deutlich mehr Versuche zur Ermittlung eines aussagekräftigen Spannungsexponenten im "Dauerfestigkeitsbereich" durchgeführt werden.In dem Forschungsprojekt MISTRALWIND[20] wurde eine Windenergieanlage in Hybridbauweise mit einem Monitoringkonzept ausgestattet. Dabei wurde festgestellt, dass nur geringe Belastungen im eigentlichen Bauteil ankommen.…”