Ubicación y dimensionamiento de generación distribuida: Una revisión

Abstract

La generación distribuida (GD) se presenta como un apoyo para suplir la demanda del sistema de forma localizada, lo que permite además como alternativas de generación el uso de fuentes de energía renovables a pequeña escala. Como aporte principal, este artículo presenta las consideraciones que se deben tener en cuenta al momento de analizar, modelar y solucionar el problema de ubicación y dimensionamiento de GD en la red eléctrica de distribución. Inicialmente, se enuncian los aspectos técnicos de la red, el modelado de las cargas e impactos de la GD; seguido de la formulación del modelo matemático del problema, principales técnicas de solución y metodologías aplicadas en la literatura; finalmente, se muestran las investigaciones futuras en este campo de estudio. Todo lo anterior en busca de mejorar las condiciones operativas de la red. Dentro de la revisión de los trabajos presentados por los diferentes autores, se encontró que una gran parte de los estudios se enfocan en los aspectos técnicos, sin tener en cuenta los costos asociados a la integración de GD, ni los incentivos económicos a los que puede ser susceptibles este tipo de proyectos, que son de vital importancia para evaluar la viabilidad de la propuesta de integración.

Application of the Multiverse Optimization Method to Solve the Optimal Power Flow Problem in Direct Current Electrical Networks

“…However, in case of any variation in said power, the power flow should be calculated again to establish the effect of the generation and demand inside the network. To find the most adequate power level that the DGs should inject, the OPF problem should be solved by means of optimization techniques in order to meet the objective function proposed by the DC network operator and/or owner [12]. This guarantees that the electrical constraints that compose DC networks in an environment of distributed generation are always respected [12].…”

Optimal Location and Sizing of DGs in DC Networks Using a Hybrid Methodology Based on the PPBIL Algorithm and the VSA

“…This has enabled countries to diversify their energy matrices and improve the technical, economic, and environmental conditions of their electrical energy distribution systems [8,9]. DG integration in electrical distribution systems can, for instance, help to reduce power losses, the loading capability of lines, investment and operating costs, and CO 2 emissions, as well as to improve voltage profiles [10,11]. Furthermore, it positively impacts the socioeconomic conditions of the region where the electrical system is installed because a high-quality and reliable electricity service drives the region's economic development while improving the quality of life of its inhabitants [12].…”

“…Equation (10) represents the parallel processing time (PPT) necessary to evaluate the objective function of all the individuals in the population. In this equation, MTRP is the longest time required by the individuals when evaluating the objective function in parallel processing, and CEIL() returns the integer (greater than or equal to a real number) of the quotient of population size or number of individuals (n) and number of workers (W).…”

On the optimal reconfiguration of radial AC distribution networks using an MINLP formulation: A GAMS-based approach

“…The amount of power losses of distribution networks is undoubtedly an essential issue for electrical distribution companies, since it is the most direct quality indicator in the electrical service (Celli et al, 2004). In order to minimize power losses in distribution networks, multiple strategies can be implemented, such as the optimal placement of distributed generators (Grisales-Nore ña et al, 2017;Grisales-Nore ña et al, 2018), shunt-capacitors (Elsheikh et al, 20140, batteries (Grisales-Nore ña et al, 2019;Montoya et al, 2020b), or the optimal reconfiguration of the network (Verma and Singh, 2018). Nevertheless, in the case of the optimal reconfiguration, most studies focus on the solution technique, glossing over the importance of an adequate mathematical formulation.…”