G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling and trafficking are essential for cellular function and regulated by phosphorylation, β-arrestin, and ubiquitination. The GPCR parathyroid hormone receptor (PTHR) exhibits time-dependent reversible ubiquitination. The exact ubiquitination sites in PTHR are unknown, but extend upstream of its intracellular tail. Here, using tandem MS, we identified Lys-388 in the third loop and Lys-484 in the C-terminal tail as primary ubiquitination sites in PTHR. We found that PTHR ubiquitination requires β-arrestin and does not display a preference for β-arrestin1 or 2. PTH stimulated PTHR phosphorylation at Thr-387/Thr-392 and within the Ser-489/Ser-493 region. Such phosphorylation events may recruit β-arrestin, and we observed that chemically or genetically blocking PTHR phosphorylation inhibits its ubiquitination. Specifically, Ala replacement at Thr-387/Thr-392 suppressed β-arrestin binding and inhibited PTHR ubiquitination, suggesting that PTHR phosphorylation and ubiquitination are interdependent. Of note, Lysdeficient PTHR mutants promoted normal cAMP formation, but exhibited differential mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Lysdeficient PTHR triggered early onset and delayed ERK1/2 signaling compared with wild-type PTHR. Moreover, ubiquitination of Lys-388 and Lys-484 in wild-type PTHR strongly decreased p38 signaling, whereas Lys-deficient PTHR retained signaling comparable to unstimulated wild-type PTHR. Lysdeficient, ubiquitination-refractory PTHR reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. However, elimination of all 11 Lys residues in PTHR did not affect its internalization and recycling. These results pinpoint the ubiquitinated Lys residues in PTHR controlling MAPK signaling and cell proliferation and survival. Our findings suggest new opportunities for targeting PTHR ubiquitination to regulate MAPK signaling or manage PTHR-related disorders.