Ubiquitous transposon-like repeats B1 and B2 of the mouse genome: B2 sequencing

Krayev, A.S.; Markusheva, T. V.; Крамеров, Д. А.; Ryskov, A. P.; Skryabin, K. G.; Bayev, A.A.; Georgiev, G.P.

doi:10.1093/nar/10.23.7461

Cited by 303 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These are highly reiterated mobile elements of the mouse genome classically found in intronic domains, and which are closely related to the human Alu sequences (21,22). All repeats except one are in an opposite transcriptional orientation as compared to IAP-AR1.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Iap Age-related Transcripts-as Previmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Two Age-induced Intracisternal A-particle-related Transcripts in the Mouse Liver

Puech

Dupressoír

Loireau

et al. 1997

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Intracisternal A-particle (IAP) sequences are endogenous retrovirus-like elements present at 1,000 copies in the mouse genome. We had previously identified IAPrelated transcripts of unusual size (6 and 10 kilobases (kb)), which are observed exclusively in the liver of the aging mouse. In this report, using cDNA libraries that we have constructed from the liver mRNAs of an aged DBA/2 mouse, we have cloned and entirely sequenced the corresponding cDNAs. Both are initiated within the 5 long terminal repeat of a type I⌬1 IAP sequence, and correspond to a read-through into a unique flanking cellular sequence containing a 966-nucleotide open reading frame, located 3 to the IAP sequence. The 6-kb IAP-related transcript corresponds to a post-transcriptional modification of the 10-kb mRNA, and is generated by a splicing event with the donor site in the IAP sequence, and the acceptor site 5 to the open reading frame. This open reading frame is located on chromosome 3, is evolutionarily conserved, and discloses significant similarity to the yeast CCR4 transcription factor at the amino acid level. The specific expression of these age-induced transcripts, which account for more than 50% of the IAP-related transcripts in the liver of old mice, is therefore entirely consistent with the induction of a single genomic locus, thus strengthening the importance of position effects for the expression of transposable elements. Characterization of this locus should now allow studies on its chromatin and methylation status, and on the "molecular factors of senescence" possibly involved in its induction.

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Section: Characterization Of the Iap Age-related Transcripts-as Previmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Two Age-induced Intracisternal A-particle-related Transcripts in the Mouse Liver

Puech

Dupressoír

Loireau

et al. 1997

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…These types of repeats are analogous to Alu repetitive sequences found in the human genome (Krayev et al, 1982). The B2 repeats in the mouse Ron gene are in the 5'¯anking region (nucleotides 71782 to 71604, Figure 1) and in intervening sequence G, while the B1 repeat is present in intervening sequence R. A short region of homology with U6 RNA was found in the 5'¯anking region at nucleotides 71878 to 71809 (Figure 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Characterization of the mouse Ron/Stk receptor tyrosine kinase gene

et al. 1998

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In an e ort to understand the mechanisms governing the regulation of the mouse Ron receptor gene, a mouse genomic library was screened and overlapping clones coding for the Ron gene and¯anking DNA were identi®ed. Continuous DNA sequence was obtained for approximately 16.4 kilobases. The gene, from the initiator methionine to the polyadenylation site, is contained within 13 244 basepairs and contains 19 exons. Primer extension analyses were performed to determine the transcription start site of the mouse Ron transcript. Multiple transcription start sites were found which also appear to be used in transfected reporter constructs containing Ron 5'¯anking DNA. To determine the location of sites which may be critical for the function of the Ron gene promoter, a series of chimeric genes containing serial deletions of the Ron gene promoter fused to the coding sequences for the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene were constructed. Transient transfection analyses of these hybrid genes into various cell lines demonstrated that two regions of the Ron gene promoter, encompassing nucleotides 7585 to 7465 and from 7465 to 7285, are important for expression of this transcript in CMT-93 cells. Further analysis of the Ron promoter utilizing gel mobility shift analyses suggests that regions encompassing nucleotides 7585 to 7508 and nucleotides 7375 to 7285 appear to bind speci®c proteins which may be involved in the negative and positive regulation, respectively, of the mouse Ron gene.

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“…This short direct flanking repeat suggests that this inserted element is an integrated reverse transcript (Rogers, 1985). Sequences similar to those of putative intragenic control signals for RNA polymerase III transcription (Krayev et al, 1982) are also present in the Mastomys insertion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The B2 element is flanked by a 15 base perfect repeat which appears to have been produced by copying a 15 base section of the APRT sequence. Sequences similar to those of putative intragenic control signals for RNA polymerase III transcription (Krayev et a!., 1982) are also present in the M. pahari insertion, with only a single mismatch found in the 23 bases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Substitution rate variation in closely related rodent species

Fieldhouse

Yazdani

1997

Heredity

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The existence of evolutionary rate variation has previously been demonstrated between different orders, different species and even between different regions of the same gene. To examine rate variation between closely related species of rodents we have sequenced the adenine phosphorybosyltransferase (APRT) gene from Mus spicilegus, Mus pahari, Mastomys hildebrandtii, Stochomys longicaudatus and Gerbillus campestris and compared these sequences with the previously published Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus and Mesocricetus auratus APRT sequences. The alignment of these eight rodent APRT sequences reveals two large insertions within the introns: an insertion with sequence similar to a Bi repetitive element is found within Mastomys and an insertion with sequence similar to a B2 repetitive element is found within M. pahari. A phylogeny for the rodent APRTs agrees with the previously published rodent phylogeny based on other molecular and morphological data. The relative rate test which is often used to test for variation in rates of evolution in different lineages is shown here to be sensitive to the choice of outgroup and therefore should be used with great caution. This sensitivity is detectable only with closely related species and results from the prevalence of homoplastic substitutions. Rate variation is demonstrated within the APRT exons and introns and between the rodent species (with the most significant difference being a rate difference in M. spicilegus). In addition, some third codon positions are shown to be more prone to substitution than others. This clearly demonstrates that even between very closely related species there is ample evidence of major differences in rates of evolution among species, among regions of the gene and among different positions within the gene. We also demonstrate that standard methods of analysis might not detect this variation.

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Ubiquitous transposon-like repeats B1 and B2 of the mouse genome: B2 sequencing

Cited by 303 publications

References 27 publications

Characterization of Two Age-induced Intracisternal A-particle-related Transcripts in the Mouse Liver

Characterization of Two Age-induced Intracisternal A-particle-related Transcripts in the Mouse Liver

Characterization of the mouse Ron/Stk receptor tyrosine kinase gene

Substitution rate variation in closely related rodent species

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