Uji Coba Penebangan Kayu Berbasis Zero Waste Dan Ramah Lingkungan Pada Hutan Alam Di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah

Abstract

Over the last five years (2013−2017) there has been a deficit of ± 23.2 million m 3 year of wood raw materials, while the facts in the field of timber harvesting are still wasteful with leaving logging waste reaching an average of 17% of the annual production quota target of 9.1 million m 3 /year. The trial of zero waste-based and environmentally timber harvesting method (ZWL) is important to strengthen the tree length logging methods. This research aimed to obtain data and technical information related to the efficiency of wood utilization and the potential of timber logging waste. The trial results showed that zero waste and environmentally timber harvesting methods could improve wood utilization efficiency by 9%, from an average of 82.9% to an average of 91.9%, and reduce the potential for clear bole (BBC) logging waste from an average of 12% (0.863 m 3 / tree) to only 8.1% (0.418 m 3 /tree). In addition, it was able to save the potential of logging waste from stems above the branch (BAC) ranging from 2.8−11.2% with an average of 6.4% (0.418 m 3 /tree). However, ecologically it could not reduce damage to residual stands which reached 37.7% while conventional methods amounted to 38.8%. Potential logging waste both BBC and BAC were mostly defective (50.5−58.3%), and some were still good (14.4−26.3%) while those with broken conditions were still quite high (22.6-27.3%). Until now, the potency of timber harvesting waste has not been utilized due to the consideration of the high cost of Non-Tax Government Income (PNBP) levies, uncertainty in the application of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation Number: P.1/Menlhk/Setjen/Kum.1/1/2019, and the ZWL method has not been informed yet to minimize the cost of logging waste extraction. In order to reduce timber harvesting waste and residual stand damage, the forest management refresh logging and skidding techniques to improve the skills of the chainsaw and the tractor operators.