Ukrainian Scientific and Technical Terminology Formation and Development Peculiarities

Abstract

Terminological vocabulary of Ukrainian language has ancient history which starts since the tenth century. The first attempts to collect and arrange Ukrainian scientific and technical terminology started since the second half of the nineteenth century. Lviv scientific community by T. H. Shevchenko leads terminology work systematically since the nineties. The aim of the community was to create science in Ukrainian language which foresaw formation of national scientific terminology. Ukrainian scientific and technical terminology developed most intensively in the twenties of the twentieth century. Creation of the Institute of Ukrainian Scientific Language contributed to this process. Its scientists compiled and published more than forty terminological dictionaries in different branches of science and technique. The main task and research topic of Ukrainian terminologists during the thirties-eighties in the twentieth century was ultimate approaching of Ukrainian and other national terminologies to Russian one. In the article the authors pay attention to the fact that nowadays not all branches of science and technique have perfect Ukrainian terminology. Creation and unification of necessary terminology is a primary task for terminologists.

The Taxonomy of Forestry Terms in the Modern Ukrainian Language

“…Such names "leave an opportunity for users, who are interested in the development of Ukrainian technical knowledge, to experiment and improve terminology on our own language foundations, introduce new equivalents more boldly, look for intelligent dialectics between the borrowed and our own" (Doroshenko, Lysenko & Tievikova, 2018).…”

“…The works of Ukrainian and foreign scholars on the theoretical foundations of terminology, in particular the analysis of terminology concerning its system organisation (Vynokur (1939), Kyiak (2007), Kochan (2004), Lotte (1961) et al), the specifics of the use of nominative units (Pavlova (2008), Prystaiko (1996), Superanskaya, Podolskaya & Vasyleva (2005)) are of paramount importance for our research. Since the level of scientific language development makes an influence on intellectual evolution of society and testifies the state of language self-disclosure of the nation (Doroshenko, Lysenko & Tievikova (2018)), the study of professional terminology is urgent. The forestry terms have not been the subject of a separate scientific study yet, that is why the elaboration of vocabulary groups that form the core of the terminology system is promising both for the normalisation of the terminology system and for teaching students to the normative use of special names.…”

Social and Cultural Situation in the Context of Linguistic Policy in Ukraine 50-60th of the XXth Century

“…The linguistic policy of the soviet authority was determined by certain official documents. In particular, it is: "The Law on Languages Equality in Ukraine" adopted in 1927 by the Council of People's Commissars; articles № 40, 110 and 121 of the USSR Constitution, and the same articles №109, 120 of the Ukrainian SSR; The USSR "Law on Strengthening the Connection Between School and Life and on Further Development of the Social Education in the USSR" adopted in 1958 and the same law in Ukraine adopted in 1959; new National program accepted by the 22nd convention of the USSR communist party (November, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]1961), and other documents and legislative acts. According to the law, in all Soviet Republics, Russian had an international language status, so, it was on a priority.…”

“…However, soviet authority has always tried to narrow the Ukrainian language sphere of usage. The USSR "Law on Strengthening the Connection Between School and Life and on Further Development of the Social Education in the USSR" adopted on December, 25, 1958 (the law in Ukraine was adopted on April, 17,1959) and new national program accepted by the 22nd convention of the USSR communist party (November, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]1961) were showing a very planned and purposeful russification. Documents announced the idea of the "total merging of nations" and creating a new historical community, "soviet nation", for which the common language would be Russian because those were Russians who played the main role in soviet history and socialistic achievements [1]; [2].…”

“…In the 1970s, all specialized scientific journals of the USSR Academy of Sciences on natural and technical sciences were translated into the Russian language edition, which led to further Ukrainian scientific and technical terminology Russification [17].…”