Ulcerative colitis

Kobayashi, Taku; Siegmund, Britta; Berre, Catherine Le; Shu, Wei; Ferrante, Marc; Shen, Bo; Bernstein, Çharles N.; Danese, Silvio; Peyrin–Biroulet, Laurent; Hibi, Toshifumi

doi:10.1038/s41572-020-0205-x

Cited by 955 publications

(696 citation statements)

References 216 publications

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“…Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a heterogeneous, chronic and inflammatory disease. Pathologically, UC is derived from environmental risk factors and gut microbiota disturbance that lead to the imbalance of mucosal immune responses in genetically susceptible individuals (Kobayashi et al, 2020). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an emerging novel therapy for UC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Talk Between Butyric Acid and Gut Microbiota in Ulcerative Colitis Following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can inhibit the progression of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, how FMT modulates the gut microbiota and which biomarker is valuable for evaluating the efficacy of FMT have not been clarified. This study aimed to determine the changes in the gut microbiota and their relationship with butyric acid following FMT for UC. Fecal microbiota (FM) was isolated from healthy individuals or mice and transplanted into 12 UC patients or colitis mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Their clinical colitis severities were monitored. Their gut microbiota were analyzed by 16S sequencing and bioinformatics. The levels of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from five UC patients with recurrent symptoms after FMT and individual mice were quantified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The impact of butyric acid on the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota was tested in vitro. The effect of the combination of butyric acid-producing bacterium and FMT on the clinical responses of 45 UC patients was retrospectively analyzed. Compared with that in the controls, the FMT significantly increased the abundance of butyric acid-producing bacteria and fecal butyric acid levels in UC patients. The FMT significantly increased the α-diversity, changed gut microbial structure, and elevated fecal butyric acid levels in colitis mice. Anaerobic culture with butyrate significantly increased the α-diversity of the gut microbiota from colitis mice and changed their structure. FMT combination with Clostridium butyricum-containing probiotics significantly prolonged the UC remission in the clinic. Therefore, fecal butyric acid level may be a biomarker for evaluating the efficacy of FMT for UC, and addition of butyrate-producing bacteria may prolong the therapeutic effect of FMT on UC by changing the gut microbiota.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Talk Between Butyric Acid and Gut Microbiota in Ulcerative Colitis Following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Huang

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…The aetiology involves interactions between the environment, immune system, gut microbiome and a genetic predisposition to disease. 3 Ulcerative colitis presents with bloody diarrhoea, frequency, abdominal pain, fatigue and faecal incontinence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ulcerative colitis: an update

2021

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Ulcerative colitis is a relapsing and remitting disease that is increasing in incidence and prevalence. Management aims to achieve rapid resolution of symptoms, mucosal healing and improvement in a patient's quality of life. 5-aminosalicylate acid medications remain the first-line treatment for mild to moderate disease. In the event of suboptimal response to these medications, escalation to immunosuppressive medications and biologics may be necessary. Importantly, despite best medical therapy, surgery may be required in a proportion of patients. The future will likely see an array of new therapeutic options for those with ulcerative colitis with the potential for a more personalised treatment approach.

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“…Worldwide, approximately seven million patients are diagnosed with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) (1), a chronically remitting inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Both entities of IBD, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), commonly lead to severe intestinal symptoms like chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, and anemia, thus significantly limiting the physical fitness, work ability, and overall quality of life of the affected and often young patients (2)(3)(4). Due to a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis, which is crucially influenced by genetic, environmental, microflora-related, and immunological components, there still exists no causal therapy for IBD (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Lymphoid Cells as Regulators of Epithelial Integrity: Therapeutic Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2021

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The occurrence of epithelial defects in the gut relevantly contributes to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), whereby the impairment of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity seems to represent a primary trigger as well as a disease amplifying consequence of the chronic inflammatory process. Besides epithelial cell intrinsic factors, accumulated and overwhelmingly activated immune cells and their secretome have been identified as critical modulators of the pathologically altered intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) function in IBD. In this context, over the last 10 years increasing levels of attention have been paid to the group of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). This is in particular due to a preferential location of these rather newly described innate immune cells in close proximity to mucosal barriers, their profound capacity to secrete effector cytokines and their numerical and functional alteration under chronic inflammatory conditions. Aiming on a comprehensive and updated summary of our current understanding of the bidirectional mucosal crosstalk between ILCs and IECs, this review article will in particular focus on the potential capacity of gut infiltrating type-1, type-2, and type-3 helper ILCs (ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s, respectively) to impact on the survival, differentiation, and barrier function of IECs. Based on data acquired in IBD patients or in experimental models of colitis, we will discuss whether the different ILC subgroups could serve as potential therapeutic targets for maintenance of epithelial integrity and/or mucosal healing in IBD.

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Ulcerative colitis

Cited by 955 publications

References 216 publications

Cross-Talk Between Butyric Acid and Gut Microbiota in Ulcerative Colitis Following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Cross-Talk Between Butyric Acid and Gut Microbiota in Ulcerative Colitis Following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Ulcerative colitis: an update

Innate Lymphoid Cells as Regulators of Epithelial Integrity: Therapeutic Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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