One-dimension (1D) photonic crystals have been widely used in silicon photonics due to its simple structure and multiple working regimes: diffraction, Bragg reflection, and subwavelength regimes. Thanks to recent development of photonic technologies and highresolution lithography, many 1D photonic crystal-assisted silicon integrated devices have been proposed and demonstrated to further increase integration density and improve device performance. This chapter first presents some fundamentals of 1D photonic crystals. An overview of the applications of 1D photonic crystals in silicon photonics is then given including grating couplers, waveguide crossings, multimode interference couplers, polarization-independent directional couplers, hybrid lasers, polarizers, and high-order mode filters, among others. Particular attention is paid to providing insight into the design strategies for these devices.