Ultra high energy cosmic rays The intersection of the Cosmic and Energy Frontiers

Coleman, Alan; Eser, Johannes; Mayotte, E.; Sarazin, F.; Schröder, Frank G.; Soldin, D.; Venters, Tonia M.; Aloisio, Roberto; Álvarez-Muñiz, J.; Batista, Rafael Alves; Bergman, Douglas; Bertaina, M.; Caccianiga, Lorenzo; Deligny, O.; Dembinski, H.-P.; Denton, Peter B.; Matteo, Armando di; Globus, Noémie; Glombitza, Jonas; Golup, G.; Haungs, A.; Hörandel, J. R.; Jaffe, T. R.; Kelley, J. L.; Krizmanic, John F.; Lu, Lu; Matthews, J. N.; Maris, Ioana Codrina; Mussa, R.; Oikonomou, Foteini; Pierog, T.; Santos, Eva; Tinyakov, P.; Tsunesada, Y.; Unger, Michael; Yushkov, A.; Albrow, M.; Anchordoqui, Luis A.; Andeen, K.; Arnone, Enrico; Barghini, D.; Bechtol, E.; Bellido, J. A.; Casolino, M.; Castellina, A.; Cazón, L.; Conceição, R.; Cremonini, R.; Dujmović, Hrvoje; Engel, R.; Farrar, Glennys R.; Fenu, Francesco; Ferrarese, S.; Fujii, Toshihiro; Gardiol, D.; Gritsevich, Maria; Homola, P.; Huege, T.; Kampert, Karl-Heinz; Kang, D.; Kido, E.; Климов, П. А.; Kotera, Kumiko; Kozelov, B. V.; Leszczyńska, Agnieszka; Madsen, J.; Marcelli, L.; Marisaldi, M.; Martineau‐Huynh, O.; Mayotte, Sonja; Mulrey, K.; Murase, Kohta; Muzio, Marco Stein; Ogio, S.; Olinto, Angela V.; Onel, Y.; Paul, T.; Piotrowski, L. W.; Plum, M.; Pont, Bjarni; Reininghaus, Maximilian; Riedel, Benedikt; Riehn, Felix; Roth, Markus; Sako, Takashi; Schlüter, Felix; Shoemaker, David M.; Sidhu, Jagjit Singh; Sidelnik, I.; Timmermans, C.; Tkachenko, Olena; Veberič, D.; Verpoest, Stef; Verzi, V.; Vícha, J.; Winn, D.; Zas, E.; Zotov, M. Yu.

doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2023.102819

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 760 publications

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“…By providing extended measurements of the cosmic-ray anisotropy together with more accurate measurements of the mass composition, IceCube-Gen2 will study the origin of the most energetic Galactic cosmic rays and constrain scenarios for the transition to cosmic rays of extragalactic origin. The importance of combining the IceCube-Gen2 Optical Array with a Surface Array has consequently been outlined also in the recent Astro2020 [23] and Snowmass [24] surveys. The radio antennas of the IceCube-Gen2 Surface Array are hence critical to provide the additional accuracy needed to achieve these important science goals in cosmic-ray physicscomplementing the multi-messenger science of the IceCube-Gen2 Neutrino Observatory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Expected Performance of the IceCube-Gen2 Surface Array and its Radio Component

Schroeder¹

2023

Proceedings of 9th International Workshop on Acoustic and Radio EeV Neutrino Detection Activities — PoS(ARENA2022)

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IceCube-Gen2, the next generation of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory at the South Pole, will consist of three co-located arrays: a deep Optical Array and a more shallow and larger Radio Array for neutrino detection in the ice, and a Surface Array above the footprint of the Optical Array. The Surface Array will be comprised of hybrid stations featuring elevated radio antennas and scintillation detectors, following the design of a prototype station successfully operating at the South Pole since 2020. Besides providing a veto for neutrino detection, the Surface Array will make IceCube-Gen2 a unique laboratory for cosmic-ray air showers. Compared to the current IceCube detector with its IceTop surface array, the aperture for coincident air-shower measurements detected by both, the deep optical and surface arrays, will increase by about a factor of 30. In addition to particle physics questions, such as the production of PeV muons and neutrinos in prompt decays, these surface-deep coincidences will be used to target astrophysical questions of the most energetic Galactic cosmic rays. The combination of particle and radio measurements at the surface and high-energy muons measured in the ice promises unprecedented accuracy for the mass composition in the energy range of the presumed Galactic-to-extragalactic transitioncomplementing the multimessenger science case of IceCube-Gen2. This proceeding provides an overview of the IceCube-Gen2 Surface Array and, in particular, its radio component.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Expected Performance of the IceCube-Gen2 Surface Array and its Radio Component

Schroeder¹

2023

Proceedings of 9th International Workshop on Acoustic and Radio EeV Neutrino Detection Activities — PoS(ARENA2022)

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“…The preferred source parameters stay unchanged except for the PP redshift evolution and luminosity density. Finally, we comment that the projected sensitivity of the proposed Global Cosmic Ray Observatory (GCOS) [51] would place strong constraints on the allowed UHE flux recovery.…”

Section: Jcap02(2024)022mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Auger 90% upper limits above 10 20.4 eV were derived assuming an energy-independent exposure of 60 400 km 2 yr sr[29]. Expected 90% upper limits for GCOS (40k) after 10 years of operation (ϵ ∼ 10 6 km 2 yr sr[51]) are shown in purple.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on the proton fraction of cosmic rays at the highest energies and the consequences for cosmogenic neutrinos and photons

Ehlert,

van Vliet,

Oikonomou

et al. 2024

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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Over the last decade, observations have shown that the mean mass of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) increases progressively toward the highest energies. However, the precise composition is still unknown and several theoretical studies hint at the existence of a subdominant proton component up to the highest energies. Motivated by the exciting prospect of performing charged-particle astronomy with ultra-high-energy (UHE) protons we quantify the level of UHE-proton flux that is compatible with present multimessenger observations and the associated fluxes of neutral messengers produced in the interactions of the protons. We study this scenario with numerical simulations of two independent populations of extragalactic sources and perform a fit to the combined UHECR energy spectrum and composition observables, constrained by diffuse gamma-ray and neutrino observations. We find that up to of order 10% of the cosmic rays at the highest energies can be UHE protons, although the result depends critically on the selected hadronic interaction model for the air showers. Depending on the maximum proton energy (E max p) and the redshift evolution of sources, the associated flux of cosmogenic neutrinos and UHE gamma rays can significantly exceed the multimessenger signal of the mixed-mass cosmic rays. Moreover, if E max p is above the GZK limit, we predict a large flux of UHE neutrinos above EeV energies that is absent in alternate scenarios for the origin of UHECRs. We present the implications and opportunities afforded by these UHE proton, neutrino and photon fluxes for future multimessenger observations.

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“…In conclusion, despite their shared characteristics, these processes possess distinct mechanisms and applications. The MPP finds an intriguing application in elucidating the origins and manufacturing process of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECR) [49,50]. The recent pieces of evidence indicate that UHECRs consist of a combination of various particles, whereas earlier measurements indicated a prevalence of proton flow at high energies ( [51]).…”

Section: Classification Of Magnetic Penrose Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energetics of magnetized Kerr-MOG and Kerr-Taub-NUT black holes within magnetic Penrose process

Alibekov,

Abdujabbarov,

Ahmedov

2024

New J. Phys.

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In this research paper, we have examined the impact of a gravitomagnetic charge on extracting energy from a rotating Kerr-Taub-NUT black hole and Kerr-MOG (MOdified Gravity known as Scalar-Tensor-Vector-Gravity (STVG)) black hole embedded in the magnetic field via the Magnetic Penrose Process. Our findings demonstrate that the gravitomagnetic monopole and MOG parameters both significantly influence the extraction of energy from a rotating black hole, exceeding the magnetic Penrose process for the Kerr black hole in terms of energy efficiency. After comparing the results of this study with the observational data, we were confident that our findings on the amplification of MPP by MOG and NUT parameters are nearly in line with the observations of ultrarelativistic particles in the cosmic rays.

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Ultra high energy cosmic rays The intersection of the Cosmic and Energy Frontiers

Cited by 38 publications

References 760 publications

Design and Expected Performance of the IceCube-Gen2 Surface Array and its Radio Component

Design and Expected Performance of the IceCube-Gen2 Surface Array and its Radio Component

Constraints on the proton fraction of cosmic rays at the highest energies and the consequences for cosmogenic neutrinos and photons

Energetics of magnetized Kerr-MOG and Kerr-Taub-NUT black holes within magnetic Penrose process

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