Ultra-localized single cell electroporation using silicon nanowires

Jokilaakso, Nima; Salm, Eric; Chen, Aaron; Millet, Larry J.; Guevara, Carlos Duarte; Dorvel, Brian; Reddy, Bobby; Karlström, Amelie Eriksson; Chen, Yu; Ji, Hongmiao; Sooryakumar, R.; Bashir, Rashid

doi:10.1039/c2lc40837f

Cited by 55 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The applied voltage used in the erythrocyte counting experiments is up to 10 V. The electrolysis of the cells depends on many factors including applied voltage and whether it is DC or AC, the frequency of the applied voltage, flow rate of the cells and the critical time for irreversible electroporation 25–27 . If the actual transmembrane voltage increases well above 1 V, then electroporation can begin to happen 25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microfluidic biochip for complete blood cell counts at the point-of-care

et al. 2015

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Complete blood cell counts (CBCs) are one of the most commonly ordered and informative blood tests in hospitals. The results from a CBC, which typically include white blood cell (WBC) counts with differentials, red blood cell (RBC) counts, platelet counts and hemoglobin measurements, can have implications for the diagnosis and screening of hundreds of diseases and treatments. Bulky and expensive hematology analyzers are currently used as a gold standard for acquiring CBCs. For nearly all CBCs performed today, the patient must travel to either a hospital with a large laboratory or to a centralized lab testing facility. There is a tremendous need for an automated, portable point-of-care blood cell counter that could yield results in a matter of minutes from a drop of blood without any trained professionals to operate the instrument. We have developed microfluidic biochips capable of a partial CBC using only a drop of whole blood. Total leukocyte and their 3-part differential count are obtained from 10 μL of blood after on-chip lysing of the RBCs and counting of the leukocytes electrically using microfabricated platinum electrodes. For RBCs and platelets, 1 μL of whole blood is diluted with PBS on-chip and the cells are counted electrically. The total time for measurement is under 20 minutes. We demonstrate a high correlation of blood cell counts compared to results acquired with a commercial hematology analyzer. This technology could potentially have tremendous applications in hospitals at the bedside, private clinics, retail clinics and the developing world.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microfluidic biochip for complete blood cell counts at the point-of-care

et al. 2015

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“…In addition, incorporation of silicon nanowires or nanoribbons into field effect transistors also allowed highly localized single-cell elecctroporation. 52 …”

Section: The Various Strategies For Microfluidic Electroporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic electroporation for cellular analysis and delivery

2013

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Electroporation is a simple yet powerful technique for breaching cell membrane barrier. The applications of electroporation can be generally divided into two categories: the release of intracellular proteins, nucleic acids and other metabolites for analysis and the delivery of exogenous reagents such as genes, drugs and nanoparticles with therapeutic purposes or for cellular manipulation. In this review, we go over the basic physics associated with cell electroporation and highlight recent technological advances on microfluidic platforms for conducting electroporation. Within the context of its working mechanism, we summarize the accumulated knowledge on how the parameters of electroporation affect its performance for various tasks. We discuss various strategies and designs for conducting electroporation at microscale and then focus on analysis of intracellular contents and delivery of exogenous agents as two major applications of the technique. Finally, an outlook for future applications of microfluidic electroporation in increasingly diverse utilities is presented.

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“…Recently, another LSCMEP based device was proposed by Jokilaakso et al [77] for single cell lysis. They reported a silicon nanowire and nanoribbon based biological field effect transistor for single cell positioning and lysis mechanism.…”

Section: Lscmep For Cell Lysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends on Micro/Nanofluidic Single Cell Electroporation

Santra

Tseng

2013

Micromachines

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Abstract:The behaviors of cell to cell or cell to environment with their organelles and their intracellular physical or biochemical effects are still not fully understood. Analyzing millions of cells together cannot provide detailed information, such as cell proliferation, differentiation or different responses to external stimuli and intracellular reaction. Thus, single cell level research is becoming a pioneering research area that unveils the interaction details in high temporal and spatial resolution among cells. To analyze the cellular function, single cell electroporation can be conducted by employing a miniaturized device, whose dimension should be similar to that of a single cell. Micro/nanofluidic devices can fulfill this requirement for single cell electroporation. This device is not only useful for cell lysis, cell to cell fusion or separation, insertion of drug, DNA and antibodies inside single cell, but also it can control biochemical, electrical and mechanical parameters using electroporation technique. This device provides better performance such as high transfection efficiency, high cell viability, lower Joule heating effect, less sample contamination, lower toxicity during electroporation experiment when compared to bulk electroporation process. In addition, single organelles within a cell can be analyzed selectively by reducing the electrode size and gap at nanoscale level. This advanced technique can deliver (in/out) biomolecules precisely through a small membrane area (micro to nanoscale area) of the single cell, known as localized single cell membrane electroporation (LSCMEP). These articles emphasize the recent progress in micro/nanofluidic single cell electroporation, which is potentially beneficial for OPEN ACCESSMicromachines 2013, 4 334 high-efficient therapeutic and delivery applications or understanding cell to cell interaction.

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Ultra-localized single cell electroporation using silicon nanowires

Cited by 55 publications

References 31 publications

A microfluidic biochip for complete blood cell counts at the point-of-care

A microfluidic biochip for complete blood cell counts at the point-of-care

Microfluidic electroporation for cellular analysis and delivery

Recent Trends on Micro/Nanofluidic Single Cell Electroporation

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