Ultra-low loss polymer-based photonic crystal fiber supporting 242 OAM modes with high bending tolerance for multimode THz communication

Kuiri, Bibhatsu; Dutta, Bubai; Sarkar, Nilanjana; Santra, Saikat; Mandal, Paulomi; Mallick, Khaleda; Patra, Ardhendu Sekhar

doi:10.1016/j.rinp.2022.105465

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…When the walk-off length between the odd and even modes is too large, the OAM mode cannot form properly. The 2π walk-off length can be calculated using equation (10) [30]:…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Alleviating orbital angular momentum mode coupling between two ring-cores with different materials in a photonic crystal fiber for optical communication

Wang,

Yu,

Deng

et al. 2023

Phys. Scr.

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A dual-ring photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is proposed, which not only supports the stable transmission of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes but also deftly mitigates interference of mode coupling between the two rings. This fiber design possesses two concentric ring-cores and claddings, each constructed from distinct materials, effectively functioning as independent OAM channels. Importantly, the absence of significant mode coupling between the OAM modes of the two ring-cores guarantees unhindered transmission of the dual rings. Remarkably, the outer ring can accommodate 82 OAM modes of transmission and the inner ring can accommodate 34 OAM modes of transmission. High mode quality (>94.13%) is observed for all OAM modes in both inner and outer rings at wavelengths from 1.5 to 1.6 µm. This special design ensures that the modes in the outer ring have excellent performance and also maintains the modes in the inner ring as unaffected by the outer ring to the greatest extent.

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“…When the walk-off length between the odd and even modes is too large, the OAM mode cannot form properly. The 2π walk-off length can be calculated using equation (10) [30]:…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these, photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have emerged as a prime candidate, offering high capacity and exceptional performance for stable OAM mode transmission. The shape of the hollow PCF matches the profile of the OAM mode, which has better performance and more quantity in transmitting the OAM mode [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Alleviating orbital angular momentum mode coupling between two ring-cores with different materials in a photonic crystal fiber for optical communication

Wang,

Yu,

Deng

et al. 2023

Phys. Scr.

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“…3,12 Wan et al 13 studied the holes of the innermost layer and found that, if these holes include the microstructured holes placed inside the central holes, it can reduce the bending loss. Kuiri et al 14 studied the holes in the outer layer. If the diameter increases, the holes in the outermost layer can reduce bending losses.…”

Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrabend resistant circular photonic crystal fiber design for cancer diagnosis by Raman spectrometer

2022

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One of the ways to diagnose cancer in its early stages, which can lead to timely treatment, is to use Raman spectroscopy. The Raman spectrum of a material is created by the interaction of light with the material; it determines the exact characteristics and properties of the material, which can be used to distinguish cancerous cells from healthy ones. However, the intensity of this spectrum is weak, and the optical fibers used in these devices must have very little loss and thus have low sensitivity to bending. This paper proposes a circular photonic crystal fiber with a structure in which the losses in different bending radii are significantly reduced. The modified state of the fiber at the wavelength of 1.55 μm supports the transmission of 10 modes propagated in the core. The loss for the fundamental mode at this wavelength and bending radius of 2 mm equals 3.82 × 10 −16 dB∕m, which is considered a low value. As the bending radius decreases further, low-order modes diminish, which are more sensitive to bending than high-order modes. However, their losses are lower than in high-order modes. The critical bending radius for this fiber, with the loss reaching 0.1 dB∕m, is equal to 0.096 mm. This low critical bending radius shows the low sensitivity of the proposed fiber to bending. The fiber was examined in different bending radii and wavelengths, and the parameters of this structure were presented for the lowest bending losses, which can be used in Raman spectrometers as spectrum collecting fibers and improve cancer diagnosis devices with Raman spectrum.

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“…Fortunately, the situation changes when it comes to optical fiber, as it serves as an ideal medium for the propagation of OAM. To facilitate the efficient transmission of OAM modes, the use of micro-structured fibers with a distinctive ring structure has been proposed [9]. By employing such specialized fibers, the inherent advantages of optical fiber, including low loss and high stability, can be harnessed to preserve the fidelity of OAM modes during propagation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving orbital angular momentum mode transmission with imperfect ring–core fiber

Wang,

Yu,

Deng

et al. 2024

J. Opt.

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Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM), inherent to light beams characterized by helical phase fronts, represents an alternative spatial degree of freedom for photons. In recent years, OAM-based communication has gained significant attention as a potential solution to increase the capacity and spectral efficiency of optical fiber communication systems. In optical fibers, OAM modes can be generated and manipulated by utilizing specialized optical components and techniques. One approach involves using specially designed optical fibers, such as ring-core fibers, which have the capability to support multiple OAM modes. In the manufacturing process, the ring fiber is hardly made perfectly, especially the doped-cores. The introduced defect breaks the symmetry of the ring-core, which has a serious impact on OAM mode transmission. Using a material with a slightly higher refractive index than the cladding to wrap the ring-core is effective in reducing impairment of defects. After numerical simulation, the proposed method improves the walk-off length by a factor of 2-40.

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Ultra-low loss polymer-based photonic crystal fiber supporting 242 OAM modes with high bending tolerance for multimode THz communication

Cited by 33 publications

References 38 publications

Alleviating orbital angular momentum mode coupling between two ring-cores with different materials in a photonic crystal fiber for optical communication

Alleviating orbital angular momentum mode coupling between two ring-cores with different materials in a photonic crystal fiber for optical communication

Ultrabend resistant circular photonic crystal fiber design for cancer diagnosis by Raman spectrometer

Improving orbital angular momentum mode transmission with imperfect ring–core fiber

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