Ultra-sensitive in-beam $ \gamma$ -ray spectroscopy for nuclear astrophysics at LUNA

Caciolli, A.; Agostino, L.; Bemmerer, D.; Bonetti, R.; Broggini, C.; Confortola, F.; Corvisiero, P.; Costantini, H.; Elekes, Z.; Formicola, A.; Fülöp, Zs.; Gervino, G.; Guglielmetti, A.; Gustavino, C.; Gyürky, Gy.; Imbriani, G.; Junker, M.; Laubenstein, M.; Lemut, A.; Limata, B.; Marta, M.; Mazzocchi, C.; Menegazzo, R.; Prati, P.; Roca, V.; Rolfs, C.; Alvarez, C. Rossi; Somorjai, E.; Straniero, O.; Strieder, F.; Terrasi, F.; Trautvetter, H. P.

doi:10.1140/epja/i2008-10706-3

Cited by 77 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The setup was enclosed in an anti-radon envelope consisting in a Plexiglas box flushed with N 2 gas to avoid 222 Rn accumulation. As already mentioned, the efficiency of the shielding could be increased thanks to the underground location and a background suppression of five orders of magnitude with respect to a background spectrum measured underground with no shielding was obtained for -rays below 2 MeV [21]. The typical -beam current was high (about 250 A), thus causing a reduction of the target density due to the so-called beamheating effect.…”

Section: Be Reactionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Recent results on (p,γ) and (α,γ) fusion reactions at LUNA

Guglielmetti

2011

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. At temperatures typical of astrophysical environments, nuclear cross sections are extremely small and experimental measurements in a laboratory at the Earth's surface are hampered by the cosmic background. The LUNA collaboration has exploited the unique features of background reduction offered by the rock overburden above the LNGS underground laboratory in order to study very important hydrogen-burning reactions at their relevant astrophysical energies. After a general introduction on the LUNA experiment, this paper reports on the most important results for the (p,) and (,) fusion reactions measured so far and their astrophysical consequences. A quick look on the future possibilities is also given.

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Section: Be Reactionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Recent results on (p,γ) and (α,γ) fusion reactions at LUNA

Guglielmetti

2011

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…(2) The neutron background in LUNA is about 3 orders of magnitude lower than that aboveground, and additionally the JUNA background is about 10 times [53] lower than that of LUNA. Therefore, the influence of neutron background on Si detectors at JUNA is about 4 orders of magnitude lower than that aboveground.…”

Section: Background Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the decaying radon and its daughters produce α and β particles that produce again secondary γ radiation by bremsstrahlung and nuclear reactions. A popular solution of this problem is to house the detector in a box with a small overpressure of flushing nitrogen: i.e., by substituting normal air containing Radon with Nitrogen inside the box [53].…”

Section: Background Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A proposed direct measurement of cross section at Gamow window for key reaction 19F(p,α) 16O in Asymptotic Giant Branch stars with a planned accelerator in CJPL

et al. 2016

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

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In 2014, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) approved the Jinping Underground Nuclear Astrophysics laboratory (JUNA) project, which aims at direct cross-section measurements of four key stellar nuclear reactions right down to the Gamow windows. In order to solve the observed fluorine overabundances in Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars, measuring the key 19 F(p,α) 16 O reaction at effective burning energies (i.e., at Gamow window) is established as one of the scientific research sub-projects. The present paper describes this sub-project in details, including motivation, status, experimental setup, yield and background estimation, aboveground test, as well as other relevant reactions.Jinping Underground Nuclear Astrophysics laboratory (JUNA), direct measurement, Gamow window, cross section, AGB star, nucleosynthesis PACS number(s): 26.20.+f; 26.30.+k; 25.40.Ny, 27.20+n Citation:He J J, et al. A proposed direct measurement of cross section at Gamow window for key reaction 19 F(p,α) 16 O in Asymptotic Giant Branch stars with a planned accelerator in CJPL, Sci China-Phys Mech Astron, 2015, 58: 1-7, doi:

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“…Further background re-duction in the region below 3 MeV in the gamma spectrum can be achieved by implementing a shielding made by copper and lead [10,11]. A comparison between two gamma spectra acquired with the same detector in surface and at LNGS is shown in Figure 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison between two gamma spectra acquired with the same detector in surface and at LNGS is shown in Figure 1. In the figure, the detector was also shielded by few cm of OFHC copper and 25 cm of low level background lead when placed in the underground laboratory to obtain almost 4 order of magnitude reduction in the γ-ray background below 3 MeV [10]. A review of the results achieved by the LUNA col- laboration will be presented in this paper combined with a discussion on the future projects for nuclear astrophysics in underground with a MV accelerator.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuclear Astrophysics in underground laboratories: the LUNA experiment

Simpson¹,

Simenel²,

Cook³

et al. 2017

EPJ Web Conf.

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Abstract. One of the main ingredients of nuclear astrophysics is the knowledge of the thermonuclear reactions responsible for powering the stellar engine and for the synthesis of the chemical elements. At astrophysical energies the cross section of nuclear processes is extremely reduced by the effect of the Coulomb barrier. The low value of cross sections prevents their measurement at stellar energies on Earth surface and often extrapolations are needed. The Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (LUNA) is placed under the Gran Sasso mountain and thanks to the cosmic-ray background reduction provided by its position can investigate cross sections at energies close to the Gamow peak in stellar scenarios. Many crucial reactions involved in hydrogen burning has been measured directly at astrophysical energies with both the LUNA-50kV and the LUNA-400kV accelerators, and this intense work will continue with the installation of a MV machine able to explore helium and carbon burnings. Based on this progress, currently there are efforts in several countries to construct new underground accelerators. In this talk, the typical techniques adopted in underground nuclear astrophysics will be described and the most relevant results achieved by LUNA will be reviewed. The exciting science that can be probed with the new facilities will be highlighted.

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Ultra-sensitive in-beam $ \gamma$ -ray spectroscopy for nuclear astrophysics at LUNA

Cited by 77 publications

References 38 publications

Recent results on (p,γ) and (α,γ) fusion reactions at LUNA

Recent results on (p,γ) and (α,γ) fusion reactions at LUNA

A proposed direct measurement of cross section at Gamow window for key reaction 19F(p,α) 16O in Asymptotic Giant Branch stars with a planned accelerator in CJPL

Nuclear Astrophysics in underground laboratories: the LUNA experiment

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