Ultra-stretchable hydrogel thermocouples for intelligent wearables

Synergistic Anisotropic Network and Hierarchical Electrodes Endow Cost‐Effective N‐Type Quasi‐Solid State Thermocell with Boosted Electricity Production

“…It demonstrates a superior mechanical performance compared to other N-type quasi-solid state thermocells, which compensates for the poor mechanical properties of other N-type thermocells due to the salting-in effect (Figure 4g,h; Table S2, Supporting Information). [20,21,31,34,[44][45][46][47][48] By elevating the ion concentration, the salting-out effect can strengthen the fracture strain, stress, and Young's modulus of the thermocell up to 450%, 3.5 MPa, and 768 kPa, respectively, surpassing that of partial P-type thermocells (Figure S10 and Table S2, Supporting Information). [38,47,49,50] Nonetheless, an overabundance of ions can result in ionic stacking, leading to reduced thermoelectric properties.…”

“…[20,21,31,34,[44][45][46][47][48] By elevating the ion concentration, the salting-out effect can strengthen the fracture strain, stress, and Young's modulus of the thermocell up to 450%, 3.5 MPa, and 768 kPa, respectively, surpassing that of partial P-type thermocells (Figure S10 and Table S2, Supporting Information). [38,47,49,50] Nonetheless, an overabundance of ions can result in ionic stacking, leading to reduced thermoelectric properties. Therefore, the mechanical properties of quasi-solid state thermocells can be synergistically improved by a strong hydrogen bonding effect, aligned polymer network, and salting-out effect of ions.…”

Thermochromic and conductive hydrogels with tunable temperature sensitivity for dual sensing of temperature and human motion

“…Hydrogels are soft, stretchable, and biocompatible, making them promising flexible and stretchable sensors for smart wearable electronic devices. [11][12][13] Ion-conductive hydrogels are highly conductive due to their unique porous structure, which provides efficient channels for ion transport. 14,15 The ion-conductive hydrogels are also highly elastic, highly transparent, and biocompatible, which allows them to be used as flexible strain sensors with a large strain range and high sensitivity.…”

Localized Phase Transformation Triggering Lattice Matching of Metal Oxide and Carbonate Hydroxide for Efficient CO2 Photoreduction

“…The wet chemistry typically uses the surfactants to modify the lattice topology and surface for realizing the site-selective growth of one material onto another, but inevitably creates abundant grain boundaries of weak interfacial adhesion and thereby weak chargetransfer capability. [8] Epitaxial growth of materials can more readily give highquality heterostructures (e.g., ZnO/BiOI, [9] Fe 2 O 3 /CuO, [10] Co III -MOF/Co II -MOF, [11] and 1D NiZn-LDH/2D NiZn-LDH [12] ) when the components have suitable crystal structures and orientation that can engage in lattice matching. Despite these advances, lattice mismatch can still occur during crystal growth to create randomly aggregated rather than ordered heterostructures.…”