Ultra-Thick Organic Pigment Layer Up to 10 μm Activated by Crystallization in Organic Photovoltaic Cells

Katayama, Mikimasa; Kaji, Tatsuru; Nakao, Satoru; Hiramoto, Masahiro

doi:10.3389/fenrg.2020.00004

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…One exception to this notion is if new processing parameters are found that fundamentally alter the deposition kinetics. [58] Finally, when comparing the mobilities of different systems it is important that 1) the same characterization method is applied for all systems since different techniques yield different values for the mobility, [59] and 2) the applied method is reliable. Here, photo-CELIV [47,48] or OTRACE [43] are good candidates, whereas, for example, SCLC measurements are prone to errors.…”

Section: Classification Of Materials Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Photovoltaic Quality of Vacuum‐Thermal Evaporated Organic Semiconductor Blends

et al. 2021

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Vacuum‐thermal evaporation (VTE) is a highly relevant fabrication route for organic solar cells (OSCs), especially on an industrial scale as proven by the commercialization of organic light emitting diode‐based displays. While OSC performance is reported for a range of VTE‐deposited molecules, a comprehensive assessment of donor:acceptor blend properties with respect to their photovoltaic performance is scarce. Here, the organic thin films and solar cells of three select systems are fabricated and ellipsometry, external quantum efficiency with high dynamic range, as well as OTRACE are measured to quantify absorption, voltage losses, and charge carrier mobility. These parameters are key to explain OSC performance and will help to rationalize the performance of other material systems reported in literature as the authors’ methodology is applicable beyond VTE systems. Furthermore, it can help to judge the prospects of new molecules in general. The authors find large differences in the measured values and find that today's VTE OSCs can reach high extinction coefficients, but only moderate mobility and voltage loss compared to their solution‐processed counterparts. What needs to be improved for VTE OSCs is outlined to again catch up with their solution‐processed counterparts in terms of power conversion efficiency.

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Section: Classification Of Materials Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Photovoltaic Quality of Vacuum‐Thermal Evaporated Organic Semiconductor Blends

et al. 2021

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“…It has been reported that in a 10-μm-thick ZnPc:C 60 OPV sample grown by using the same method as in this study, a needle-like structure was observed by SEM on the cracked sample surface . However, the sample observed in the previous study is different from the present study because phthalocyanine included metal Zn, and the thickness was very thick.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The substrate temperature was 70 °C, and the deposition rates of C 60 and H 2 Pc were 1.0 and 1.4 Å/s, respectively. To control the interfacial structure of the device and obtain a highly ordered BHJ, we used polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a co-evaporant component − with an evaporation rate of 0.35 Å/s. The electron microscopy samples were prepared in two ways: The SEM samples were obtained by cutting a glass plate with an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode by using a diamond glass cutter, and the cross sections were then observed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visualization of Tens of Nanometers Spaced Donor: Acceptor Bulk Heterojunctions across Submicrometer-Square Cross Sections of Organic Photovoltaic Cells

Kumagai,

Shimizu,

Minoda

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Controlling the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure of organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) is essential to improving their power conversion efficiency. Visualizing the interfaces of the organic semiconductor domains in BHJs is important for the development of OPVs. However, the evaluation of the BHJ interface structure is often challenging owing to the close proximity of donor and acceptor organic domains, which are typically spaced less than 100 nm for keeping efficient exciton separation at the junction. In this study, a submicrometer-thick OPV composed of metal-free phthalocyanine (H2Pc) as the donor and fullerene (C60) as the acceptor was adopted to visualize the interface structure of BHJs. This typical combination of donor and acceptor molecules consists of only three elements: H, C, and N. Phase plate scanning transmission electron microscopy (P-STEM) enabled the visualization of the interface structure of the BHJ with a spacing of tens of nanometers across the submicrometer-square cross section of the OPV. Furthermore, a hybrid layer of H2Pc and C60 was observed to form at the initial stage of the film growth until a “critical thickness”, followed by the growth of a phase-separated ordered BHJ. This observation clearly demonstrates the significant potential of P-STEM for analyzing organic hybrid materials.

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“…Conjugated organic compounds, due to their tunable optical and electronic properties, have become promising materials for applications in devices such as field effect transistors [1][2][3], photovoltaic cells [4][5][6][7][8], light-emitting diodes [9][10][11][12][13], sensors [14][15][16], and others. Understanding the relationship between the structure and optoelectronic properties of organic semiconductors is essential when designing the architecture of the above-mentioned devices in order to achieve their optimal parameters, including high efficiency [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Derivatives of diphenylamine and benzothiadiazole in optoelectronic applications: a review

2022

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Light-emitting conjugated organic compounds have found special interest among researchers. Because of their adjustable optoelectronic properties they can be applied in e.g. field-effect transistors, sensors, light-emitting diodes or photovoltaic cells. In order to develop high-performance systems, it is important to understand the relationship between the structure and the photophysical properties of the material used. One of the employed strategies is to decrease the band gap of conjugated compounds, often achieved through a “donor–acceptor” approach. One of the popular groups applied as an electron-accepting unit are benzothiadiazoles, while diphenylamine exhibits good electron-donating ability. The functional groups can affect the energy levels of materials, influencing the color of the light emitted. This work presents a review of research focused on the structure-properties relationship of diphenylamine and benzothiadiazole derivatives with optoelectronic applications.

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Ultra-Thick Organic Pigment Layer Up to 10 μm Activated by Crystallization in Organic Photovoltaic Cells

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Assessing the Photovoltaic Quality of Vacuum‐Thermal Evaporated Organic Semiconductor Blends

Assessing the Photovoltaic Quality of Vacuum‐Thermal Evaporated Organic Semiconductor Blends

Visualization of Tens of Nanometers Spaced Donor: Acceptor Bulk Heterojunctions across Submicrometer-Square Cross Sections of Organic Photovoltaic Cells

Derivatives of diphenylamine and benzothiadiazole in optoelectronic applications: a review

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