Ultra trace analysis of PAHs by designing simple injection of large amounts of analytes through the sample reconcentration on SPME fiber after magnetic solid phase extraction

Khodaee, Nader; Mehdinia, Ali; Esfandiarnejad, Reyhaneh; Jabbari, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2015.09.025

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The main advantages of SPME are its low cost and the fact that it is time saving and environmentally friendly [117]. Some of its disadvantages are the slow time for equilibrium between the analyte and the extraction phase to be reached [118], the poor selectivity and the limited type of fibres commercially available [119].…”

Section: Solid-phase Microextraction (Spme): Spme Is a Sample Preparation Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Fed-state gastric media and drug analysis techniques: Current status and points to consider

Baxevanis

Kuiper

Fotaki

2016

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

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Gastric fed state conditions can have a significant effect on drug dissolution and absorption. In vitro dissolution tests with simple aqueous media cannot usually predict drugs' in vivo response, as several factors such as the meal content, the gastric emptying and possible interactions between food and drug formulations can affect drug's pharmacokinetics. Good understanding of the effect of the in vivo fed gastric conditions on the drug is essential for the development of biorelevant dissolution media simulating the gastric environment after the administration of the standard high fat meal proposed by the FDA and the EMA in bioavailability/bioequivalence (BA/BE) studies. The analysis of drugs in fed state media can be quite challenging as most analytical protocols currently employed are time consuming and labour intensive. In this review, an overview of the in vivo gastric conditions and the biorelevant media used for their in vitro simulation are described. Furthermore an analysis of the physicochemical properties of the drugs and the formulations related to food effect is given. In terms of drug analysis, the protocols currently used for the fed state media sample treatment and analysis and the analytical challenges and needs emerging for more efficient and time saving techniques for a broad spectrum of compounds are being discussed.

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Section: Solid-phase Microextraction (Spme): Spme Is a Sample Preparation Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Fed-state gastric media and drug analysis techniques: Current status and points to consider

Baxevanis

Kuiper

Fotaki

2016

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

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“…Compared with other extraction techniques (combined with GC/MS) in Table , which also lists the solvent volumes needed and the estimated sample preparation times for the respective techniques, it can be seen that msLLE-FEDHS has one of the lowest ranges of LODs and %RSD values obtained with the use of reasonably low volumes of sample. Low toxic-DLLME (LT-DLLME) (using the terminology as reported by the authors) and magnetic-SPE with solid-phase microextraction (MSPE-SPME) have slightly lower LODs but the former used less environmentally friendly solvents and the latter required 100 mL of sample. Moreover, both have greater %RSD values than msLLE-FEDHS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Miniscale Liquid–Liquid Extraction Coupled with Full Evaporation Dynamic Headspace Extraction for the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with 4000-to-14 000-fold Enrichment

2016

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A new sample preparation approach of combining a miniscale version of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), termed miniscale-LLE (msLLE), with automated full evaporation dynamic headspace extraction (FEDHS) was developed. Its applicability was demonstrated in the extraction of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, and pyrene) from aqueous samples. In the first step, msLLE was conducted with 1.75 mL of n-hexane, and all of the extract was vaporized through a Tenax TA sorbent tube via a nitrogen gas flow, in the FEDHS step. Due to the stronger π-π interaction between the Tenax TA polymer and PAHs, only the latter, and not n-hexane, was adsorbed by the sorbent. This selectivity by the Tenax TA polymer allowed an effective concentration of PAHs while eliminating n-hexane by the FEDHS process. After that, thermal desorption was applied to the PAHs to channel them into a gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) system for analysis. Experimental parameters affecting msLLE (solvent volume and mixing duration) and FEDHS (temperature and duration) were optimized. The obtained results achieved low limits of detection (1.85-3.63 ng/L) with good linearity (r(2) > 0.9989) and high enrichment factors ranging from 4200 to 14 100. The optimized settings were applied to the analysis of canal water sampled from an industrial area and tap water, and this methodology was compared to stir-bar sorptive extraction (SBSE). This innovative combined extraction-concentration approach proved to be fast, effective, and efficient in determining low concentrations of PAHs in aqueous samples.

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“…These applications were mainly focused on the extraction of benzene derivatives, which can easily interact, by π-π stacking stacking with graphene thanks to its large electron delocalization. For example, benzene derivatives such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [6], tetracyclines [7], sulphonamides antibiotics [8], among others, were extracted by graphene-based sorbents. Respect to the use of graphene for direct electrochemical sensing, this nanomaterial provides (i) high heterogeneous electron transfer rate, (ii) electrocatalytic properties against several molecules (due to the high number of atoms localized in the edges/defects), and (iii) high surface to volume ratio that increases sensitivity [2,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes for Total Tetracycline Determination by Adsorptive Transfer Stripping Differential Pulse Voltammetry

Lorenzetti

Sierra

Domini

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Disposable electrochemically reduced graphene oxide-based (ERGO) screen-printed electrodes (SPE) were developed for the determination of total tetracyclines as a sample screening approach. To this end, a selective adsorption-detection approach relied on adsorptive transfer stripping differential pulse voltammetry (AdTDPV) was devised, where the high adsorption capacity and the electrochemical properties of ERGO were simultaneously exploited. The approach was very simple, fast (6 min.), highly selective by combining the adsorptive and the electrochemical features of tetracyclines, and it used just 10 µL of the sample. The electrochemical sensor applicability was demonstrated in the analysis of environmental and food samples. The not-fully explored AdTDPV analytical possibilities on disposable nanostructured transducers become a new tool in food and environmental fields; drawing new horizons for "in-situ" analysis.

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Ultra trace analysis of PAHs by designing simple injection of large amounts of analytes through the sample reconcentration on SPME fiber after magnetic solid phase extraction

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Fed-state gastric media and drug analysis techniques: Current status and points to consider

Fed-state gastric media and drug analysis techniques: Current status and points to consider

Miniscale Liquid–Liquid Extraction Coupled with Full Evaporation Dynamic Headspace Extraction for the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with 4000-to-14 000-fold Enrichment

Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes for Total Tetracycline Determination by Adsorptive Transfer Stripping Differential Pulse Voltammetry

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Ultra trace analysis of PAHs by designing simple injection of large amounts of analytes through the sample reconcentration on SPME fiber after magnetic solid phase extraction

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Fed-state gastric media and drug analysis techniques: Current status and points to consider

Fed-state gastric media and drug analysis techniques: Current status and points to consider

Miniscale Liquid–Liquid Extraction Coupled with Full Evaporation Dynamic Headspace Extraction for the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with 4000-to-14 000-fold Enrichment

Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes for Total Tetracycline Determination by Adsorptive Transfer Stripping Differential Pulse Voltammetry

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Product

Resources

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Miniscale Liquid–Liquid Extraction Coupled with Full Evaporation Dynamic Headspace Extraction for the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with 4000-to-14 000-fold Enrichment