Ultra wide band 24 GHz automotive radar front-end

Gresham, I.; Jenkins, A.P.; Egri, R.; Eswarappa, C.; Kolak, F.; Wohlert, R.; Bennett, John R.; Lanteri, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.1109/rfic.2003.1213995

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Among diverse passive RF devices, the power divider (PD) is indispensable component in power amplifiers [1], phased array antenna [2], mixers [3] and many other circuits. These circuits are widely used in communications and radar systems for decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstrip unequal Wilkinson power divider with 1:11 division ratio

Taher

Farrell

2015

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications

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In this paper, a 1:11 unequal microstrip Wilkinson power divider (WPD) is presented. Power division is a necessary function in most of the wireless/wireline communication systems. To design 1:11 WPD using an easy-to-fabricate microstrip technology, microstrip line having a very high characteristic impedance (Z c ) value of 315 Ω is needed. Realization of this value is impractical because too thin line is required. Defected ground structure (DGS) provides the hosting microstrip line with high inductance and modest capacitance values simultaneously. As a result, very high impedance could be implemented using practical lines. Novel analytical calculation method is developed to compute Z c of microstrip line loaded with DGS. It is found that circular-patterned DGS could be used to realize the required microstrip line. The designed WPD is fabricated and measured at centre frequency (f c ) equals 1 GHz. The measurements of insertion and reflection losses of the fabricated circuit as well as the isolation between the output ports are in a good agreement with the simulated responses of the designed circuit.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstrip unequal Wilkinson power divider with 1:11 division ratio

Taher

Farrell

2015

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications

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“…The development of a 24 GHz integrated circuit (IC) radar front-end (FE) started in 2003 with silicon germanium (SiGe) technology [9] by M/A-COM Technology Solutions. It continues today, especially for automotive radar, as well as in many silicon foundries, e.g., STMicroelectronics, Philips and Motorola [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Blocks for a 24 GHZ Phased-Array Front-End in Cmos Technology for Smart Streetlights

Wang¹,

Tasselli²,

Botteron³

et al. 2014

PIER B

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Abstract-According to a recent European Union report, lighting represents a significant share of electricity costs and the goal of reducing lighting power consumption by 20% demands the coupling of light-emitting diode (LED) lights with smart sensors and communication networks. In this context, this paper proposes the integration of these three elements into a smart streetlight, incorporating a 24 GHz phased-array (Ph-A) front-end (FE). The main building blocks of this Ph-A FE integrated in a lowcost 90 nm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology are fully characterized. The selected FE's architecture allows the implementation of transceivers as well as Doppler radar sensors functionalities. More specifically, the Ph-A technology is applied to a Doppler radar sensor in order to realize multi-lane road scanning and pedestrian detection. That way, the smart streetlight can become eco-friendly by turning on the LEDs only when necessary as well as to measure traffic parameters such as vehicle speed, type and direction. Intercommunication between the smart streetlights is based on a time-sharing mechanism that uses the same FE reconfigured as transceiver. Thanks to this functionality, the recorded traffic information can be relayed through adjacent streetlights to a control center, and control commands and warnings can be spread through the network. The system requirements are derived assuming a simplified model of the operating scenario with a typical inter-light distance of 50 m and line-of-sight between lights. The radar range is around 60 m, which allows for continuous coverage from one streetlight to the adjacent one. Meanwhile, a communication range of 140 m is derived as a fundamental requirement for reliable communication between streetlight sensors because it allows bypassing of one node in case of failure. For the developed building blocks -a low-noise amplifier, a variable-gain amplifier, a voltage-controlled oscillator and a vector modulation phase shifter -the design methodology is presented together with measurement results. The system power, consumption, noise figure and gain are estimated by means of a system analysis based on the measured data from the implemented blocks and the state of the art performances for the missing parts. It is shown that the requirements can be fulfilled with a total power consumption of around 375 mW in Doppler radar sensor mode and around 190 mW in transceiver mode. To the authors' knowledge, this kind of integration is new and overcomes some limitations of the currently used solutions based on infrared sensors and low-throughput communications.

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“…Also, allotment of frequency band centered around 24 GHz for automotive radar band has increased the interest of researchers in this frequency band. However, the RF front end for most of these systems are implemented on non-silicon technologies [1], [2], [3] making it impossible to be integrated with analog and digital circuits implemented in silicon. However, a few are reported their CMOS design as well [4], [5].…”

Section: Introduction Wirelessmentioning

confidence: 99%