Ultra-wide Band Microwave Chemical Sensing with Time-domain Measurement Systems

A low sampling rate method for the monopole UWB impulse parameter monitoring using waveform transformation

“…When taking rectangular impulse, for example, the detection amplitude for rectangular impulse with pulse width W is equal to the voltage value at the moment corresponding to pulse width in the response function. Hence, the relationship between detection amplitude A det and actual impulse amplitude A is similar to the response function of the peak detector, written in (12),…”

“…In formula (12), the time constant C det * (R L_det //R S ) represents the response time. The response time rises as the time constant becomes larger.…”

“…A det is the detection amplitude that may not be equal to the impulse amplitude A for narrow impulse as (12). Additionally, the peak detector suffers from overshooting for narrow impulses.…”

“…Then the coefficients of the curve fitting method are α 1 = 0.72, β 1 = − 0.31 × 10 −9 , α 2 = 0.16, β 2 = − 3.82 × 10 −9 . On the other hand, the coefficients for the theoretical analysis method are α 1 = 1, β 1 = − 1 × 10 −9 , α 2 = 0, β 2 = 0, according to the formula (12) and the circuit parameter.…”

“…Real-time sampling is the most popular technique for quickly and accurately measuring each unknown UWB impulse without omissions due to the rapid advancement of digital technology. It uses a high-speed analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with a sampling rate of up to Gsps, whose sampling period is considerably shorter than the pulse width [10][11][12][13][14]. But it results in lots of data and power consumption, which is detrimental to continuous and long-time monitoring.…”