Ultra wideband material characterization for indoor propagation

Abstract

The information on electromagnetic properties of building materials in the ultra wideband (UWB) frequency range provides valuable insights in assessing the capabilities and limitations of UWB technology. This research examines propagation through typical construction materials and their ultra wideband characterization. Ten commonly used construction materials are chosen for this investigation. Results for the insertion loss and the dielectric constant of each material over a frequency range of 0.5 to 15 GHz are presented.

NLOS identification and compensation for UWB ranging based on obstruction classification

“…(i) Kurtosis: (9) (ii) skewness: Firstly, the factor set and determination set are built as (14) where respectively represent RMS delay spread, kurtosis, skewness, RT and SNR, and respectively represent the five hypothetical typical propagation conditions, namely iron door, wood door, concrete wall, pedestrian, and corner. In a specific application, the elements in are chosen according to the representative propagation conditions in the actual environment.…”

“…Each priori error under a certain propagation condition is determined by averaging multiple ranging errors in different locations 4 . The method is rough but rational because the ranging error is mainly relative with the thickness, material and humidity of the obstruction, and that these factors are nearly identical for the same type of obstructions in a certain environment [8], [9].…”

A Frequency-Dependence Model for the Ultra-Wideband Channel Based on Propagation Events

“…The proposed model relaxes this assumption in featuring parameters to characterize non-metal buildings as well, offering the greatest flexibility to fit the sample set with the least error. Muqaibel measured the insertion loss and dielectric constant of ten typical wall materials as a function of frequency [25], [26], two of which coincide with the wall materials in NIST North and Sound. The trend of α-parameters of the proposed model are consistent with their experiments: 1. the logarithmic slope of the insertion loss like to α T is much smaller for sheet rock than for cinder block; 2. the dielectric constant which characterizes the reflection coefficient is much less frequency-dependent than the insertion loss, also witnessed in our experiments through relatively smaller values of α R compared to α T .…”

Estimation of wall parameters based on range profiles

“…Two measurements are performed: one with and one without the wall. Transmission indexes of the wall characteristics are measured and analyzed, and parameters are estimated by certain numerical searching [2][3][4][5][6]. This kind of method is effective in lab, but the application is limited in SAR practice.…”