Ultrafast carbon nanotube growth by microwave irradiation

Zhan, Mimi; Pan, Ganghua; Wang, Yaping; Kuang, Tongchun; Zhou, Feifei

doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2017.06.001

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[60][61][62][63] On the other hand, the MWNTs produced by the microwave methods show a relatively wide-range distribution of the I D /I G ratios from 0.15 to 1.1, according to Raman spectroscopic characterization. 35,[37][38][39][40][41]47,58,64 The values of the I D /I G ratio of the microwavegrown MWNTs are similar to, or smaller than, those of the CVD-grown MWNTs, indicating that the quality of the microwave-grown MWNTs is comparable to that of the CVD ones. The presence of the gaseous carbon sources and inert gases is found to enhance the degree of graphitization of the microwave-grown MWNTs, while at the same time decrease their defect densities, resulting in reduced I D /I G ratios.…”

Section: Type and Quality Of The As-synthesized Cntsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The reported synthesis time (t) for microwave radiation ranges from 5 s to 3 min, and t < 60 s is enough to produce long and entangled CNT forests according to most of the reported methods. [38][39][40][41]54 Typical CNT forests prepared from microwave irradiation methods are shown in Fig. 5.…”

Section: Processes and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the volumetric, localized heating of the catalyst particles, the growth process of CNTs under microwave irradiation is very fast, which is typically in the range from 5 seconds (s) to 3 minutes (min). [34][35][36][38][39][40][41] Besides the heating mechanism, microwave methods are substantially different from CVD methods in terms of the product, reactor design, and processing parameters. CVD methods, which are regarded as the most widely used techniques for CNT synthesis, are ideal to produce SWNTs, FWNTs and MWNTs with long lengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 On the contrary, microwave methods are more suitable to grow shorter CNTs with lengths ranging from 1 mm to 20 mm. 37,39,46,47 To speak further, CVD methods are capable of producing SWNTs in the diameter range from 0.6-4.0 nm and MWNTs in the diameter range from 10-240 nm; 48 while currently, microwave methods are able to generate MWNTs with diameters ranging from 10-200 nm. 37,39,41,46,47 In this regard, different perspectives in applications can be envisioned for the CVD-grown CNTs and microwave-grown CNTs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Facile growth of carbon nanotubes using microwave ovens: the emerging application of highly efficient domestic plasma reactors

et al. 2019

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Section: Type and Quality Of The As-synthesized Cntsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Processes and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Facile growth of carbon nanotubes using microwave ovens: the emerging application of highly efficient domestic plasma reactors

et al. 2019

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“…The second step (Figure 1d,e) is the tip-growth of CNTs catalyzed by nano-sized Fe particles, which serve as both nucleation centers and catalysts of cyclopentadienyl (from the decomposition of ferrocene) ( Fig. S2) 43,44 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast microwave synthesis of rambutan-like CMK-3/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials

Yan

Sun

Suo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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ordered mesoporous carbon materials show great potential for electric double-layer supercapacitors because of their high specific surface area, designable pore structure, and tunable morphology. However, low graphitic crystallinity nature and poor contact between particles lead to their high inherent resistance, which limits the supercapacitance performance. Herein, we report on a hierarchically rambutan-morphological design of carbon composites with ordered mesoporous carbon as the core and carbon nanotubes as the shell, which significantly improve the electric contact between mesoporous carbon particles and promote the electrochemical performance. By an ultrafast microwave process in a household microwave heater under ambient condition, carbon nanotubes grow out from the pores of ordered mesoporous carbon and are dispersed on its surface like the whiskers of rambutan. As-synthesized ordered mesoporous carbon CMK-3/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites show significantly enhanced specific capacitance (315.6 F•g −1 at 1 A•g −1 , as compared with 172.1 F•g −1 of CMK-3), high rate capability (214.6 F•g −1 at 50 A•g −1), and cycling durability (10,000 cycles, 99.32%). the structural design and microwave synthesis enable a facile preparation of the hybrid ordered mesoporous carbon CMK-3/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites, and show potential for easy and lowcost production of high performance electric double-layer supercapacitors materials. In recent years, conflicts between energy-consuming and global ecology have urged researchers to develop new energy conversion and storage technologies with efficient, environmental-friendly, and sustainable features 1,2. Supercapacitors (also known as Electrochemical capacitors) nowadays increasingly attract the attention of researchers and have been considered as promising devices for future energy storage applications, with the advantages of high power rating compared with batteries, large energy density compared with dielectric capacitors, and excellent charge-discharge stability 3-10. Based on the energy storage mechanism, it can be divided into pseudocapacitors (typically produced with electro-active materials, such as transition metal oxides and conducting polymers), and electric double-layer supercapacitors (EDLCs, with non-redox materials, such as active carbon, porous carbon, etc.). For EDLCs, energy storage is achieved by electrostatic interaction of electron charge in the electrode and adsorbed ions in a Helmholtz double layer at the interface between electrode/electrolyte. Owing to the non-Faradaic process of charging/discharging, carbon-based EDLCs endow high reversibility and stability in aqueous electrolyte 11. However, due to poor electric contact between active material particles and inefficient ion diffusion in the pore structures, relatively low energy density and poor rate performance hinder EDLCs practical applications and further development 12,13. To deal with these challenges, various materials were developed to improve the EDLCs performance, and carbon-based nanost...

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Facile microwave synthesis of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes for modification of elastomer used as heaters

Ali,

Shchegolkov,

Shchegolkov

et al. 2023

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were synthesized by a microwave method. MWCNTs had filamentous shapes (10 μm) and were intertwined in bundles (40–60 nm diameter). The rapid oxidation of MWCNTs with a loss of 90% of weight was observed from 530 to 630°C. 2% Residue was present at 630°C, which gradually decreased to 1.2% at 1000°C. In a silicone elastomer, increased thermal conductivity at a concentration of 8% MWCNTs was observed. The highest thermal conductivity of the nano‐modified elastomer was 0.48 W/m°C with 8.0 wt% MWCNTs. The highest electrical conductivity was 2.4 × 10−5 S cm−1 at 8.0 wt% MWCNTs. Both the thermal and electrical conductivities showed percolation behavior with the percolation thresholds at 6 and 5 wt%, respectively. The MWCNTs synthesized by microwave method gave a good power economy in comparison to MWCNTs obtained by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on NiMg catalyst. Microwave‐synthesized MWCNTs showed high stability at a potential of 250 V in an electrical resistance heater application due to the presence of Fe on the surface of MWCNTs. The developed heater can effectively operate at 220 V, which enables the use of the tubes in household appliances, such as heat fans, irons, and washing machines.Highlights Synthesis of MWCNTs by microwave plasma treatment of ferrocene and graphite. Characterization of MWCNTs by different techniques. Concentration dependence of electro‐ and thermal conductivity of MWCNTs in elastomers. Electro‐physical parameters studies of elastomers modified with MWCNTs. Heat generation studies in elastomeric matrix with MWCNTs.

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Ultrafast carbon nanotube growth by microwave irradiation

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Facile growth of carbon nanotubes using microwave ovens: the emerging application of highly efficient domestic plasma reactors

Facile growth of carbon nanotubes using microwave ovens: the emerging application of highly efficient domestic plasma reactors

Ultrafast microwave synthesis of rambutan-like CMK-3/carbon nanotubes nanocomposites for high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials

Facile microwave synthesis of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes for modification of elastomer used as heaters

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