Ultrafast Electrochromic Windows Based on Redox-Chromophore Modified Nanostructured Semiconducting and Conducting Films

Cummins, Daniel C.; Boschloo, Gerrit; Ryan, Michael D.; Corr, David; Rao, S. Nagaraja; Fitzmaurice, Donald

doi:10.1021/jp001763b

Cited by 293 publications

(295 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Phosphate anchors were formed on the viologen molecules using a process suggested by previous researchers [17]. The phosphate-anchored viologen molecules were fixed to the surfaces of TiO 2 nanostructure-based electrodes using a solution method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pre-reducing Sb-Doped SnO2 Electrodes in Viologen-Anchored TiO2 Nanostructure-Based Electrochromic Devices

Cho¹,

Ah²,

Kim³

et al. 2016

ETRI J

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In this paper, we investigate the effects of pre-reducing Sb-doped SnO 2 (ATO) electrodes in viologen-anchored TiO 2 (VTO) nanostructure-based electrochromic devices. We find that by pre-reducing an ATO electrode, the operating voltage of a VTO nanostructure-based electrochromic device can be lowered; consequently, such a device can be operated more stably with less hysteresis. Further, we find that a pre-reduction of the ATO electrode does not affect the coloration efficiency of such a device. The aforementioned effects of a pre-reduction are attributed to the fact that a pre-reduced ATO electrode is more compatible with a VTO nanostructure-based electrochromic device than a non-pre-reduced ATO electrode, because of the initial oxidized state of the other electrode of the device, that is, a VTO nanostructurebased electrode. The oxidation state of a pre-reduced ATO electrode plays a very important role in the operation of a VTO nanostructure-based electrochromic device because it strongly influences charge movement during electrochromic switching.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Pre-reducing Sb-Doped SnO2 Electrodes in Viologen-Anchored TiO2 Nanostructure-Based Electrochromic Devices

Cho¹,

Ah²,

Kim³

et al. 2016

ETRI J

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“…57,58 Typically, such films consist of networks of interconnected semi-conducting or conducting metal oxide nanocrystals, deposited onto an optically transparent conducting glass electrode. On applying a negative potential, electrons are injected into the conduction band of the semi-conductor and the absorbed molecule is reduced and changes color.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic organic and polymeric materials for display applications

2006

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An electrochromic material is one where a reversible color change takes place upon reduction (gain of electrons) or oxidation (loss of electrons), on passage of electrical current after the application of an appropriate electrode potential. In this review the general field of electrochromism is introduced, with coverage of the types, applications, and chemical classes of electrochromic materials and the experimental methods that are used in their study. The main classes of electrochromic organic and polymeric materials are then surveyed, with descriptions of representative examples based on transition metal coordination complexes, viologen systems, and conducting polymers. Examples of the application of such organic and polymeric electrochromic materials in electrochromic displays are given.

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“…In this way, modifying both electrodes must attain a highly efficient electrochromic device. Cummings et al 28 proposed a device where both electrodes were superficially modified by nanoparticulated films containing an adsorved organic chromophore. A scheme of this device is shown in Figure 4, where the working electrode was assembled by TiO 2 nanoparticles with attached bis(2-phosphonoethyl)-4,4'-bipyridinium and the counter electrode was composed by SnO 2 :Sb nanoparticles modified by phenothiazine.…”

Section: Electrochromic Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanochromics: old materials, new structures and architectures for high performance devices

Vidotti¹,

Torresi

2008

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Com o desenvolvimento da nanociência, o estudo do fenômeno do eletrocromismo desperta forte e continuado interesse devido à possibilidade de obter maiores eficiências eletrocrômicas, contrastes cromáticos, sintonização de cores e baixos tempos de resposta por meio da montagem de nanomateriais. Estas vantagens são possíveis devido à alta área superficial que os nanomateriais possuem e a enorme quantidade de moléculas orgânicas eletrocrômicas que podem ser facilmente ligadas a nanopartículas inorgânicas como TiO 2 ou SiO 2 . Somado a isto, o contato direto entre o eletrólito e os nanomateriais produz altas velocidades de transferência iônica, com a concomitante compensação de carga rápida, o que é essencial para preparar eletrodos eletrocrômicos de alto desempenho. Recentemente a técnica de deposição eletrostática camada por camada foi apresentada como uma maneira interessante de preparar diferentes arquiteturas combinando nanopartículas e polímeros. O presente trabalho mostra alguns dos últimos avanços em nanocromismo.Due to the development of nanoscience, the interest in electrochromism has increased and new assemblies of electrochromic materials at nanoscale leading to higher efficiencies and chromatic contrasts, low switching times and the possibility of color tuning have been developed. These advantages are reached due to the extensive surface area found in nanomaterials and the large amount of organic electrochromic molecules that can be easily attached onto inorganic nanoparticles, as TiO 2 or SiO 2 . Moreover, the direct contact between electrolyte and nanomaterials produces high ionic transfer rates, leading to fast charge compensation, which is essential for high performance electrochromic electrodes. Recently, the layer-by-layer technique was presented as an interesting way to produce different architectures by the combination of both electrochromic nanoparticles and polymers. The present paper shows some of the newest insights into nanochromic science. Keywords: nanochromics, nanoparticles, layer-by-layer, viologensAbbreviations ECM (ox) : electrochromic material in oxidized form; ECM (red) : electrochromic material in reduced form; CV: cyclic voltammetry; : electrochromic efficiency, defined by the relation between change in absorbance and the electric charge spent in the process; A: change in absorbance; T %: change in transmittance or contrast; : response time, the time required for a total or partial change in contrast; q: electric charge; ITO: Sn-doped indium oxide; transparent conducting material used for electrochromic measures; PB, Prussian blue: [Fe III Fe II (CN) 6 ] − , iron hexacyanoferrate; viologens: organic molecules based on 1,1-"disubstituted-4,4-bipyridinium salts"; ECP: electronic conducting polymer; MLCT; metal-ligand charge transfer; PEDOT: poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene); LbL: Layer-by-Layer deposition; technique based on adsorption of alternate charged species; PANI: poly(aniline); HWCVD: hot wire chemical vapour deposition; LPEI/PB: polyethyleneimine/Prussian blue; PAH: poly(al...

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Ultrafast Electrochromic Windows Based on Redox-Chromophore Modified Nanostructured Semiconducting and Conducting Films

Cited by 293 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of Pre-reducing Sb-Doped SnO2 Electrodes in Viologen-Anchored TiO2 Nanostructure-Based Electrochromic Devices

Effects of Pre-reducing Sb-Doped SnO2 Electrodes in Viologen-Anchored TiO2 Nanostructure-Based Electrochromic Devices

Electrochromic organic and polymeric materials for display applications

Nanochromics: old materials, new structures and architectures for high performance devices

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