“…They have been exploited in many functional applications, including switching (Kawaguchi, 2005), wavelength conversion (Liu et al, 2007), power equalization (Gopalakrishnapillai et al, 2005), 3R regeneration (Bramerie et al, 2004), logic operations (Berrettini et al, 2006), etc., thanks to their nonlinear effects, which are the subject of the current section. The effects are: the self gain modulation (SGM), the self phase modulation (SPM), the self induced nonlinear polarization modulation (SPR), the cross-gain modulation (XGM), the cross-phase modulation (XPM), the four-wave mixing (FWM) and the cross-polarization modulation (XPolM).…”