2016
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf5134
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Ultrafast many-body interferometry of impurities coupled to a Fermi sea

Abstract: The fastest possible collective response of a quantum many-body system is related to its excitations at the highest possible energy. In condensed-matter systems, the corresponding timescale is typically set by the Fermi energy. Taking advantage of fast and precise control of interactions between ultracold atoms, we report on the observation of ultrafast dynamics of impurities coupled to an atomic Fermi sea. Our interferometric measurements track the non-perturbative quantum evolution of a fermionic many-body s… Show more

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Cited by 364 publications
(423 citation statements)
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“…This gives the Ramsey contrast |S(t)|. Changing the phase of the final π rotation, the full signal S(t) = |S(t)|e iϕ(t) can be measured [45,56,57]. In Fig.…”
Section: B Time Domain S(t)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This gives the Ramsey contrast |S(t)|. Changing the phase of the final π rotation, the full signal S(t) = |S(t)|e iϕ(t) can be measured [45,56,57]. In Fig.…”
Section: B Time Domain S(t)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The idea is to examine whether a full ferromagnetic state, i.e., a Fermi sea of identical fermions, is energetically stable against a single spin flip [14]. The system is now well known as the repulsive Fermi polaron [14][15][16], which has been successfully explored in a number of cold atoms experiments [17][18][19][20].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the past few years, the Fermi polaron has been studied by a number of experiments [52][53][54][55][56][57], while the Bose polaron has only recently been explored [58][59][60]. Most of these experiments are the injection radio-frequency spectroscopy measurements, with which both the repulsive and the attractive branches have been observed [54][55][56][57][58][59].From the bottom-up point of view, a difference between the Bose polarons [58][59][60] and the Fermi polarons [52][53][54][55][56][57] already exists in the three-body system consisting of two majority atoms and a third distinguishable Before going to details, let us summarize that, with the explicit calculation presented in this work, we can understand the challenge of observing the signature of Efimov physics in the Bose polarons as follows: Comparing the size of Efimov trimers in vacuum l t and the mean distance of background many-body system d, if l t d, which usually occurs for shallow Efimov trimers near resonance (see Fig.1(a)), their effect can be easily washed out by two-body correlations and is very difficult to resolve in experiments; if l t d, which occurs for deep Efimov trimers, their effect is also difficult to resolve in the injection spectroscopy of polarons due to the little wave function overlap with the initial scattering state. Therefore the most favorable situation is l t ∼ d.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%