Ultrafast polarization dynamics and noise in pulsed vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Blansett, Ethan L.; Raymer, Michael G.; Khitrova, G.; Gibbs, H. M.; Serkland, Darwin K.; Allerman, Andrew A.; Geib, K.M.

doi:10.1364/oe.9.000312

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…An important parameter is the spin-flip rate, γ j , which affects the dynamics of the orthogonal polarizations, and which is expected to depend strongly on the active region temperature (values employed in the literatures vary in a wide range: γ j = 10-1000 ns −1 [17]). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Hysteresis and Thermal Effects in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Torre

Masoller

2010

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-We study numerically the polarization-resolved light-output characteristic of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) using the spin-flip model for VCSELs extended to take into account thermal effects via a dynamical equation for the active region temperature, including heat dissipation, heating due to nonradiative carrier recombination, and Joule effect. The temperature dynamics is coupled to the carrier and optical field dynamics via a frequency and temperaturedependent gain coefficient. We show that the interplay of thermal effects and injection current variation can result in turn-on and turn-off hysteresis cycles that can be, depending on various model parameters, positive or negative. In the first case, the turn-on occurs at a higher value of the bias current than the turn-off; in a negative hysteresis cycle, the laser turns-on at a lower value of the bias current than the turn-off. These results are interpreted in terms of the interplay of the two time-scales determined by the injection current swept rate and the thermal relaxation rate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Hysteresis and Thermal Effects in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Torre

Masoller

2010

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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“…This transition occurs because the spin populations are depleted in an aniso- tropic way and this anisotropy feeds back into the dynamics due to birefringence. These effects were observed before only indirectly in the noise spectrum of linearly polarized states 14,18,22 and in the transient of a polarization switching between linearly polarized states. 15 Here we demonstrate them directly as large amplitude oscillations between circularly polarized states.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…16 In this letter we present a time-resolved analysis of the complex polarization dynamics of spinpolarized VCSELs close to threshold and discuss ultrafast modulation scenarios in future spin-VCSELs. 17,18 Since no electrically pumped room-temperature spin-VCSEL device is available yet, we chose a hybrid excitation scheme. The device under study is a commercial electrically pumped GaAs-QW VCSEL ͑Emcore, Albuquerque, NM, USA, type 8085-2010͒, Albuquerque, NM, USA, with an emission wavelength of 830 nm at room-temperature.…”

Section: -15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Birefringence controlled room-temperature picosecond spin dynamics close to the threshold of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser devices

Jähme²,

Soldat

et al. 2010

Applied Physics Letters

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This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/28917/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the Strathprints administrator: strathprints@strath.ac.ukThe Strathprints institutional repository (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk) is a digital archive of University of Strathclyde research outputs. It has been developed to disseminate open access research outputs, expose data about those outputs, and enable the management and persistent access to Strathclyde's intellectual output. We analyze the spin-induced circular polarization dynamics at the threshold of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers at room-temperature using a hybrid excitation combining electrically pumping without spin preference and spin-polarized optical injection. After a short pulse of spin-polarized excitation, fast oscillations of the circular polarization degree ͑CPD͒ are observed within the relaxation oscillations. A theoretical investigation of this behavior on the basis of a rate equation model shows that these fast oscillations of CPD could be suppressed by means of a reduction of the birefringence of the laser cavity. © 2010 American Institute of Physics. ͓doi:10.1063/1.3515855͔The study of spin-controlled optoelectronic devices has been a field of very active research over the last decade. Most studies concentrate on light emitting diodes ͑LEDs͒ with spin injection.1-5 Though polarization degrees up to 32% have been reported at room-temperature for spin-LEDs, 6 such values are too low for practical applications in communication technology. In addition, the LED dynamics is generally too slow to allow modulation at the high speed needed for data communication. In contrast, spincontrolled vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers ͑VCSELs͒ can potentially be modulated at high speed and incorporate an intrinsic mechanism for the amplification of spin information due to their nonlinearity at threshold. 7,8 The implementation of first electrically pumped spin-VCSELs, 9,10 though only operated at low temperatures, demonstrates that spinVCSELs have enormous potential to become realistic spinoptoelectronic devices. However, conventional electrically pumped VCSELs are known to show complex polarization dynamics, including a predetermination for linearly polarized emission and irregular polarization switching behavior due to...

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“…We can apply it if our task is to determine the expectation values of certain observables, but full reconstruction of the multimode state is not necessary. An example is the acquisition of correlated photon-number statistics of two-mode fields ͑McAlister and Raymer, 1997b;Vasilyev et al, 2000;Blansett et al, 2001Blansett et al, , 2005Voss et al, 2002͒. B. Maximum-likelihood reconstruction…”

Section: ͮ ͑29͒mentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous-variable optical quantum-state tomography

2009

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This review covers the latest developments in continuous-variable quantum-state tomography of optical fields and photons, placing a special emphasis on its practical aspects and applications in quantum-information technology. Optical homodyne tomography is reviewed as a method of reconstructing the state of light in a given optical mode. A range of relevant practical topics is discussed, such as state-reconstruction algorithms ͑with emphasis on the maximum-likelihood technique͒, the technology of time-domain homodyne detection, mode-matching issues, and engineering of complex quantum states of light. The paper also surveys quantum-state tomography for the transverse spatial state ͑spatial mode͒ of the field in the special case of fields containing precisely one photon.

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Ultrafast polarization dynamics and noise in pulsed vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Dynamical Hysteresis and Thermal Effects in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Dynamical Hysteresis and Thermal Effects in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers

Birefringence controlled room-temperature picosecond spin dynamics close to the threshold of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser devices

Continuous-variable optical quantum-state tomography

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