Ultrafast pulse radiolysis using a terawatt laser wakefield accelerator

Oulianov, Dmitri A.; Crowell, Robert A.; Gosztola, David J.; Shkrob, Ilya A.; Korovyanko, Oleg; Rey-de-Castro, Roberto

doi:10.1063/1.2696204

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…However this assumption remains untested. While ps resolution experiments for laser-driven and ultrafast pulsed electron radiolysis [11][12][13] have called into question the validity of this equivalence, the absence of absolute timing in those experiments has prevented quantitative analysis for electron interactions [14]. Likewise for proton interactions in H 2 O, where irradiation induced dynamics are expected to be more pronounced due to significantly higher energy density, an absence of both ps resolution and absolute timing references have precluded any ultrafast tests of this assumption.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Electron Solvation Induced by Bursts of Laser-Accelerated Protons in Liquid Water

et al. 2021

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Understanding the mechanisms of proton energy deposition in matter and subsequent damage formation is fundamental to radiation science. Here we exploit the picosecond (10 −12 s) resolution of laser-driven accelerators to track ultrafast solvation dynamics for electrons due to proton radiolysis in liquid water (H 2 O). Comparing these results with modeling that assumes initial conditions similar to those found in photolysis reveals that solvation time due to protons is extended by > 20 ps. Supported by magnetohydrodynamic theory this indicates a highly dynamic phase in the immediate aftermath of the proton interaction that is not accounted for in current models.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Electron Solvation Induced by Bursts of Laser-Accelerated Protons in Liquid Water

et al. 2021

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“…It paves the way to observe the short-lived intermediate species and primary processes in radiation chemistry on femtosecond timescale. Recently, a technique of laser wakefield electron acceleration instead of the traditional accelerators was applied in ultrafast pulse radiolysis at the Argonne National Laboratory [30]. However, the time resolution is still limited to picosecond because of the electron pulse duration, the time jitter, and the effect due to group velocity mismatch (GVM) between the electron beam and the light in the sample.…”

Section: Historical Developments Of Ultrafast Pulse Radiolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond Pulse Radiolysis

Yang¹,

Kan²,

Gohdo³

et al. 2020

Novel Imaging and Spectroscopy

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Ultrafast pulse radiolysis with a short-pulsed electron beam and a short-pulsed analyzing light is a powerful time-resolved spectroscopic technique to study the kinetics and reactions of short-lived intermediate species or precursors in radiation chemistry and biology. In this chapter, first, we give an overview of historical developments of ultrafast pulse radiolysis. Then, we describe a femtosecond pulse radiolysis instrument, including the generation of femtosecond electron pulses by a photocathode radio frequency (rf) gun-based linear electron accelerator, the synchronization of femtosecond analyzing laser with the electron pulses, the transient absorption measurement with double-pulse technique, and the observations of the formation processes and ultrafast reactions of hydrated electrons in water. Finally, two innovative techniques, which enable to improve the time resolution in next pulse radiolysis development, are presented.

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“…The smallest holes that have ever been made with direct-write lithography are around 1 nm in size. They were made using helium ion beam lithography 18 .…”

Section: A Atom Sieve Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atom sieve for nanometer resolution neutral helium microscopy

Flatabø

Greve

Eder

et al. 2017

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phen

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Neutral helium microscopy is a new tool for imaging fragile and/or insulating structures as well as structures with large aspect ratios. In one configuration of the microscope, neutral helium atoms are focused as de Broglie matter waves using a Fresnel zone plate. The ultimate resolution is determined by the width of the outermost zone. Due to the low-energy beam (typically less than 0.1 eV), the neutral helium atoms do not penetrate solid materials and the Fresnel zone plate therefore has to be a free-standing structure. This creates particular fabrication challenges. The so-called Fresnel photon sieve structure is especially attractive in this context, as it consists merely of holes. Holes are easier to fabricate than the free-standing rings required in a standard Fresnel zone plate for helium microscopy, and the diameter of the outermost holes can be larger than the width of the zone that they cover. Recently, a photon sieve structure was used for the first time, as an atom sieve, to focus a beam of helium atoms down to a few micrometers. The holes were randomly distributed along the Fresnel zones to suppress higher order foci and side lobes. Here, the authors present a new atom sieve design with holes distributed along the Fresnel zones with a fixed gap. This design gives higher transmission and higher intensity in the first order focus. The authors present an alternative electron beam lithography fabrication procedure that can be used for making high transmission atom sieves with a very high resolution, potentially smaller than 10 nm. The atom sieves were patterned on a 35 nm or a 50 nm thick silicon nitride membrane. The smallest hole is 35 nm, and the largest hole is 376 nm. In a separate experiment, patterning micrometer-scale areas with hole sizes down to 15 nm is demonstrated. The smallest gap between neighboring holes in the atom sieves is 40 nm. They have 47011 holes each and are 23.58 μm in diameter. The opening ratio is 22.60%, and the Fresnel zone coverage of the innermost zones is as high as 0.68. This high-density pattern comes with certain fabrication challenges, which the authors discuss.

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Ultrafast pulse radiolysis using a terawatt laser wakefield accelerator

Cited by 31 publications

References 71 publications

Real-Time Electron Solvation Induced by Bursts of Laser-Accelerated Protons in Liquid Water

Real-Time Electron Solvation Induced by Bursts of Laser-Accelerated Protons in Liquid Water

Femtosecond Pulse Radiolysis

Atom sieve for nanometer resolution neutral helium microscopy

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