Ultrafast pyrosequencing of Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii DSM44385 revealed insights into the physiology of a lipophilic corynebacterium that lacks mycolic acids

Tauch, Andreas; Schneider, Jessica; Szczepanowski, Rafael; Tilker, Alexandra; Viehöver, Prisca; Gartemann, Karl-Heinz; Arnold, Walter; Blom, Jochen; Brinkrolf, Karina; Brune, Iris; Götker, Susanne; Weißhaar, Bernd; Goesmann, Alexander; Dröge, Marcus; Pühler, Alfred

doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.03.004

Cited by 68 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…1a). Accordingly, LexA and NrdR both belong to the small core set of 24 transcription regulators that have been detected in all hitherto sequenced corynebacterial genomes Tauch et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic makeup of the Corynebacterium glutamicum LexA regulon deduced from comparative transcriptomics and in vitro DNA band shift assays

et al. 2009

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The lexA gene of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 was deleted to create the mutant strain C. glutamicum NJ2114, which has an elongated cell morphology and an increased doubling time. To characterize the SOS regulon in C. glutamicum, the transcriptomes of NJ2114 and a DNA-damage-induced wild-type strain were compared with that of a wild-type control using DNA microarray hybridization. The expression data were combined with bioinformatic pattern searches for LexA binding sites, leading to the detection of 46 potential SOS boxes located upstream of differentially expressed transcription units. Binding of a hexahistidyl-tagged LexA protein to 40 double-stranded oligonucleotides containing the potential SOS boxes was demonstrated in vitro by DNA band shift assays. It turned out that LexA binds not only to SOS boxes in the promoteroperator region of upregulated genes, but also to SOS boxes detected upstream of downregulated genes. These results demonstrated that LexA controls directly the expression of at least 48 SOS genes organized in 36 transcription units. The deduced genes encode a variety of physiological functions, many of them involved in DNA repair and survival after DNA damage, but nearly half of them have hitherto unknown functions. Alignment of the LexA binding sites allowed the corynebacterial SOS box consensus sequence TcGAA(a/c)AnnTGTtCGA to be deduced. Furthermore, the common intergenic region of lexA and the differentially expressed divS-nrdR operon, encoding a cell division suppressor and a regulator of deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, was characterized in detail. Promoter mapping revealed differences in divS-nrdR expression during SOS response and normal growth conditions. One of the four LexA binding sites detected in the intergenic region is involved in regulating divS-nrdR transcription, whereas the other sites are apparently used for negative autoregulation of lexA expression.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic makeup of the Corynebacterium glutamicum LexA regulon deduced from comparative transcriptomics and in vitro DNA band shift assays

et al. 2009

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“…Corynebacterium identification and genus characterization have become more reliable with the availability of MALDI-TOF MS and molecular techniques (7,21,22). To determine specieslevel identification of all isolates in this study, 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequencing were used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For selection of an antimicrobial agent, the results of sensitivity testing, MICs, and the pharmacological properties of an agent should be considered and evaluated in prospective studies. Immunomodulator therapy may be a useful therapeutic adjunct by modifying the initial immune response and granuloma formation (22). Corticosteroid therapy in IGM is increasingly used (26)(27)(28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Treatment Options for Granulomatous Mastitis Caused by Corynebacterium Species

et al. 2015

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cCorynebacterium species are increasingly recognized as important pathogens in granulomatous mastitis. Currently, there are no published treatment protocols for Corynebacterium breast infections. This study describes antimicrobial treatment options in the context of other management strategies used for granulomatous mastitis. Corynebacterium spp. isolated from breast tissue and aspirate samples stored from 2002 to 2013 were identified and determined to the species level using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), 16S RNA sequencing, and rpoB gene targets. The MICs for 12 antimicrobials were performed using Etest for each isolate. Correlations of these with antimicrobial characteristics, choice of antimicrobial, and disease outcome were evaluated. Corynebacterium spp. from breast tissue and aspirate samples were confirmed in 17 isolates from 16 patients. Based on EUCAST breakpoints, Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii isolates (n ‫؍‬ 11) were susceptible to seven antibiotic classes but resistant to ␤-lactam antibiotics. Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum isolates (n ‫؍‬ 4) were multidrug resistant. Two nonlipophilic species were isolated, Corynebacterium glucuronolyticum and Corynebacterium freneyi, both of which have various susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents. Short-course antimicrobial therapy was common (median, 6 courses per subject; range, 1 to 9 courses). Patients with C. kroppenstedtii presented with a hot painful breast mass and underwent multiple surgical procedures (median, 4 procedures; range, 2 to 6 procedures). The management of Corynebacterium breast infections requires a multidisciplinary approach and includes culture and appropriate sensitivity testing to guide antimicrobial therapy. Established infections have a poor outcome, possibly because adequate concentrations of some drugs will be difficult to achieve in lipophilic granulomata. Lipophilic antimicrobial therapy may offer a therapeutic advantage. The role of immunotherapy has not been defined. Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is a rare inflammatory condition that typically occurs in parous women of reproductive age (1). Clinically, it can present as a breast mass with features similar to those of breast malignancy (2). Multiple infective and inflammatory conditions, including tuberculosis (TB), fungal infections, sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, and Wegener's granulomatosis, have been recognized, but recently, attention has been drawn to corynebacterial species as a specific pathogen in this disease. Typically, corynebacterial breast infections are characterized by abscess formation, granulomatous inflammation, and progression to sinus/fistula formation (3). This and other specific diagnoses should be excluded before a diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is made (3-5).Commonly, it is the lipophilic species of the Corynebacterium genus that cause mastitis (3, 6-8). As such, a microbiological diagnosis can be challenging, due to their fastidious growth requirements and prolonged incu...

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“…(i) Virulence genes associated with the production of neuraminidase and phospholipase D in C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis were elucidated (48,50). (ii) The lack of mycolates in species may be due to the loss of a condensase gene cluster and mycolate reductase gene (46). (iii) Genes located on the pET44827 plasmid are linked to production of a black pigment, which is thought to provide protection in the high hydrogen peroxide concentration environment of the vagina, in pigmented strains of C. aurimucosum (49).…”

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The Genus Corynebacterium and Other Medically Relevant Coryneform-Like Bacteria

2012

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Catalase-positive Gram-positive bacilli, commonly called “diphtheroids” or “coryneform” bacteria were historically nearly always dismissed as contaminants when recovered from patients, but increasingly have been implicated as the cause of significant infections. These taxa have been underreported, and the taxa were taxonomically confusing. The mechanisms of pathogenesis, especially for newly described taxa, were rarely studied. Antibiotic susceptibility data were relatively scant. In this minireview, clinical relevance, phenotypic and genetic identification methods, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight (MALDI-TOF) evaluations, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing involving species in the genus Corynebacterium and other medically relevant Gram-positive rods, collectively called coryneforms, are described.

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Ultrafast pyrosequencing of Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii DSM44385 revealed insights into the physiology of a lipophilic corynebacterium that lacks mycolic acids

Cited by 68 publications

References 48 publications

Genetic makeup of the Corynebacterium glutamicum LexA regulon deduced from comparative transcriptomics and in vitro DNA band shift assays

Genetic makeup of the Corynebacterium glutamicum LexA regulon deduced from comparative transcriptomics and in vitro DNA band shift assays

Antimicrobial Treatment Options for Granulomatous Mastitis Caused by Corynebacterium Species

The Genus Corynebacterium and Other Medically Relevant Coryneform-Like Bacteria

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