Ultrafast Switching in Avalanche‐Driven Ferroelectrics by Supersonic Kink Movements

Abstract

Devices operating at GHz frequencies can be based on ferroelectric kinkdomains moving at supersonic speed. The kinks are located inside ferro elastic twin boundaries and are extremely mobile. Computer simulation shows that strong forcing generates velocities well above the speed of sound. Kinks are accelerated from v = 0 continuously with Döring masses in the order of skyrmion masses under constant strain rates. Moving kinks emit phonons at all velocities, and the emission cones coincide with the Mach cones at supersonic speed. Kinks form avalanches with the emission of secondary kinks via a mother-daughter nucleation mechanism and may be observable in acoustic emission experiments. Supersonic kinks define a new type of material; while mobile domains are the key for ferroelastic and ferroelectric device applications at low frequencies, it is expected that fast kink movements replace such domain movements for materials applications at high frequencies.

Current vortices and magnetic fields driven by moving polar twin boundaries in ferroelastic materials

“…The upper and lower sample surfaces were fixed. The local strain distributions near the middle kink pair exhibit typical Eshelby strain patterns 46 ( Supplementary Fig. S4).…”

“…Their dynamics have been described for several decades 28,29,37,[40][41][42][43][44][45] . The needle domains contain kinks near the tip 46 , where the domain walls appear mesoscopically bent. We first consider three kink pairs inside the domain structure ( Supplementary Fig.…”

Electric-field-induced avalanches and glassiness of mobile ferroelastic twin domains in cryogenic SrTiO3

“…Both ML and log-log methods estimate an energy exponent around ε = 1.6 with very high damping [33]. We attribute this damping to intrinsic effective pinning generated by the intersections and junctions of the twin [13,34].…”

Mechanical properties of aluminum foams ceramic coated through plasma electrolytic oxidation

“…Motion of the curved dislocations in 3D (such as in Fig. 3) is a complex process: it can be accelerated via kink edge segments [25] or hindered via screw segments with a more complex (3D) core structure and the larger Peierls stress τ PN in comparison with the edge dislocations of planar character [19,26]. The screw segments may create the jogs producing vacancies [3], which also hinders the motion, the dislocation speed may also differ due to the various stress conditions in the middle of the sample and nearby the free surfaces, etc.…”