Ultrafine and Fine Aerosol Deposition in the Nasal Airways of a 9-Month-Old Girl, a 5-Year-Old Boy and a 53-Year-Old Male

Xi, Jinxiang; Kim, Jong-Won; Xiuhua, A.

doi:10.5772/38044

The Continuum of Health Risk Assessments 2012

DOI: 10.5772/38044

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Ultrafine and Fine Aerosol Deposition in the Nasal Airways of a 9-Month-Old Girl, a 5-Year-Old Boy and a 53-Year-Old Male

Jinxiang Xi¹,

Jong-Won Kim²,

A. Xiuhua³

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2014

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Cited by 1 publication

References 63 publications

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PediatricIn VitroandIn SilicoModels of Deposition via Oral and Nasal Inhalation

Carrigy

Ruzycki

Golshahi

et al. 2014

Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery

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Respiratory tract deposition models provide a useful method for optimizing the design and administration of inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols, and can be useful for estimating exposure risks to inhaled particulate matter. As aerosol must first pass through the extrathoracic region prior to reaching the lungs, deposition in this region plays an important role in both cases. Compared to adults, much less extrathoracic deposition data are available with pediatric subjects. Recently, progress in magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans to develop pediatric extrathoracic airway replicas has facilitated addressing this issue. Indeed, the use of realistic replicas for benchtop inhaler testing is now relatively common during the development and in vitro evaluation of pediatric respiratory drug delivery devices. Recently, in vitro empirical modeling studies using a moderate number of these realistic replicas have related airway geometry, particle size, fluid properties, and flow rate to extrathoracic deposition. Idealized geometries provide a standardized platform for inhaler testing and exposure risk assessment and have been designed to mimic average in vitro deposition in infants and children by replicating representative average geometrical dimensions. In silico mathematical models have used morphometric data and aerosol physics to illustrate the relative importance of different deposition mechanisms on respiratory tract deposition. Computational fluid dynamics simulations allow for the quantification of local deposition patterns and an in-depth examination of aerosol behavior in the respiratory tract. Recent studies have used both in vitro and in silico deposition measurements in realistic pediatric airway geometries to some success. This article reviews the current understanding of pediatric in vitro and in silico deposition modeling via oral and nasal inhalation.

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PediatricIn VitroandIn SilicoModels of Deposition via Oral and Nasal Inhalation

Carrigy

Ruzycki

Golshahi

et al. 2014

Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

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Ultrafine and Fine Aerosol Deposition in the Nasal Airways of a 9-Month-Old Girl, a 5-Year-Old Boy and a 53-Year-Old Male

Cited by 1 publication

References 63 publications

PediatricIn VitroandIn SilicoModels of Deposition via Oral and Nasal Inhalation

PediatricIn VitroandIn SilicoModels of Deposition via Oral and Nasal Inhalation

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