“…A great deal of interest in gadolinium oxide exists because of its physicochemical properties, such as the crystallographic stability up to temperatures of 2325 C, high mechanical strength, excellent thermal conductivity, and a wide band optical gap [4]. Generally, nanoparticles of lanthanide oxides can be prepared using a variety of methods, such as homogeneous precipitation [5], thermal decomposition [6], combustion method [7], microemulsion techniques [8], hydrothermal crystallization [9], spray pyrolysis [10], sol-gel [11], sonochemical methods [12], and other methods [13]. Most often nanocrystallites of lanthanide oxides are prepared through calcination methods using a suitable precursor [14].…”