Ultrahigh Critical Current Density across Sliding Electrical Contacts in Structural Superlubric State

Wu, Tielin; Chen, Weipeng; Wangye, Lingyi; Wang, Yiran; Wu, Zhanghui; Ma, Ming; Zheng, Quanshui

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.132.096201

Phys. Rev. Lett.

2024

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.096201

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Ultrahigh Critical Current Density across Sliding Electrical Contacts in Structural Superlubric State

Tielin Wu,

Weipeng Chen,

Lingyi Wangye

et al.

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Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

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Current-carrying low friction of hydrogenated amorphous carbon film

Yu,

Zhang,

Shi

et al. 2025

Tribology International

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Current-carrying low friction of hydrogenated amorphous carbon film

Yu,

Zhang,

Shi

et al. 2025

Tribology International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ultralow Resistivity of the Graphite/Au van der Waals Heterostructure in the Structural Superlubric State

Wu,

Xiang

et al. 2024

Nano Lett.

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Structural superlubricity, a state of zero wear and ultralow friction between two sliding solid contact surfaces, offers transformative potential for NEMS/MEMS switches, relays, logic devices, and sensors. Ultralow resistivity in two-dimensional (2D)/three-dimensional (3D) van der Waals heterostructures is critical for most applications. Using high-vacuum thermal evaporation of Au, we fabricate defect-free single-crystal graphite/Au van der Waals heterostructures in the SSL state, achieving a record-low resistivity of 2.542 × 10 −12 Ω m 2 , which is 6 times lower than that of prior reports. The resistance remains stable under varying loads and speeds, attributed to the all-atom contact and defect-free single-crystal graphite. Thermal evaporation of Au preserves the single-crystal graphite 2D lattice, enabling lower resistivity. The 2D/3D SSL heterostructure is simpler, more stable, and broadly more applicable than 2D/2D systems. It establishes the electrical foundation for applying superlubric technology in micro-nano devices and provides a platform for studying fundamental behaviors at 2D/3D sliding interfaces, including electron friction, phonon dissipation, and electron transfer.

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Friction and Wear Properties of AgCuNi Alloy/Au-Electroplated Layer Sliding Electrical Contact Material

Wu,

Zhang,

Cao

et al. 2024

Lubricants

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Understanding the tribological properties of alloy-based sliding electrical contacts is crucial for both fundamental research and practical applications. Here, to explore the friction, wear, and contact resistance of a AgCuNi alloy/Au-electroplated layer during sliding, a ball-on-disk tribometer was coupled with a source meter. The experiments were conducted under various conditions including a current ranging from 0 to 1.0 A, a normal load ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 N, and a sliding speed of 40 mm/s. The results indicate that the wear of the friction pair is aggravated by both the current and the increase in the normal load. When the current was 0.5 A, the wear loss reached its lowest point. However, as the current increased from 0.5 A to 1.0 A, there was an intensification in Ag transfer from the alloy ball to the Au-electroplated layer, resulting in an increase in wear loss. Both the normal load and current have significant effects on both friction coefficient and contact resistance. The variation in contact resistance over time follows a similar pattern to that of the friction coefficient over time. The formation of a transfer film plays a crucial role in determining contact resistance, wear resistance, and friction coefficient. The experiment demonstrates that optimizing the normal load and current can adjust both the contact resistance and friction coefficient, thereby prolonging service life and ensuring the stability of contacts.

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Ultrahigh Critical Current Density across Sliding Electrical Contacts in Structural Superlubric State

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

Current-carrying low friction of hydrogenated amorphous carbon film

Current-carrying low friction of hydrogenated amorphous carbon film

Ultralow Resistivity of the Graphite/Au van der Waals Heterostructure in the Structural Superlubric State

Friction and Wear Properties of AgCuNi Alloy/Au-Electroplated Layer Sliding Electrical Contact Material

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