Ultrahigh methanol electro-oxidation activity of PtRu nanoparticles prepared on TiO2-embedded carbon nanofiber support

Ito, Yudai; Takeuchi, Taizo; Tsujiguchi, Takuya; Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali; Nakagawa, Nobuyoshi

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.05.064

Cited by 89 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Moreover, the Pt-Ru catalyst supported by TNT-C from this study also showed great improvement compared to previous study done by higher loading of catalyst for methanol oxidation reaction of the same catalyst type [6, 34] and with same TNT as support [2–5]. This result indicated that the reaction internal resistance for A was relatively smaller than that of the other electrocatalyst [3], and A can be considered the most effective structure for a strong metal support interaction [23]. Furthermore, sample D consists of Pt/TiO 2 -C also has shown higher mass activity than sample C which does not contain TiO 2 as a support.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…The Pt-based nanoparticles were deposited into the TiO 2 nanotubes referring to the chemical reduction method proposed by Chen et al [6], Ito et al [23] and Abida et al [2, 5]. The reduction of Pt-Ru nanoparticles onto TNTs and carbon supports was obtained using NaBH 4 as the reduction agent and H 2 PtCl 6 and RuCl 3 as the precursor both for Pt and Ru.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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TiO2 Nanotube-Carbon (TNT-C) as Support for Pt-based Catalyst for High Methanol Oxidation Reaction in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

2016

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In this study, TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method using highly concentrated NaOH solutions varying from 6 to 12 M at 180 °C for 48 h. The effects of the NaOH concentration and the TNT crystal structure on the performance for methanol oxidation were investigated to determine the best catalyst support for Pt-based catalysts. The results showed that TNTs produced with 10 M NaOH exhibited a length and a diameter of 550 and 70 nm, respectively; these TNTs showed the best nanotube structure and were further used as catalyst supports for a Pt-based catalyst in a direct methanol fuel cell. The synthesized TNT and Pt-based catalysts were analysed by FESEM, TEM, BET, EDX, XRD and FTIR. The electrochemical performance of the catalysts was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometric (CA) analysis to further understand the methanol oxidation in the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Finally, the result proves that Pt-Ru/TNT-C catalyst shows high performance in methanol oxidation as the highest current density achieved at 3.3 mA/cm2 (normalised by electrochemically active surface area) and high catalyst tolerance towards poisoning species was established.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TiO2 Nanotube-Carbon (TNT-C) as Support for Pt-based Catalyst for High Methanol Oxidation Reaction in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

2016

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“…Catalyst support materials have been roughly classified as carbon-based supports and non-carbon-based supports [9]. Non-carbon-based supports, such as titania [13][14][15], indium oxide, alumina, silica [13], ceria [15], zirconia, tungsten oxide, and conducting polymers [9], can improve reaction kinetics due to metal-support interactions; however, their electrical conductivity is lower than that of carbon. The electrical conductivity increases when non-carbon materials are embedded with carbon nanofibers (CNFs) as the catalyst support, as pointed out by Ito et al [14] and Kunitomo et al [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-carbon-based supports, such as titania [13][14][15], indium oxide, alumina, silica [13], ceria [15], zirconia, tungsten oxide, and conducting polymers [9], can improve reaction kinetics due to metal-support interactions; however, their electrical conductivity is lower than that of carbon. The electrical conductivity increases when non-carbon materials are embedded with carbon nanofibers (CNFs) as the catalyst support, as pointed out by Ito et al [14] and Kunitomo et al [15]. In their studies, the PtRu catalyst on non-carbon supports, such as ceria particles [15] and titania particles [14], gave lower performances for methanol oxidation compared to the carbon-based supports.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Origins of the High Performance of Pd Catalysts Supported on Carbon Black-Embedded Carbon Nanofiber for Formic Acid Oxidation

et al. 2019

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In this study, we developed a carbon black (CB)-embedded carbon nanofiber (CNF) as a Pd support, which showed a high level of formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) activity. For the support preparation, heat treatment involving calcination at 1000 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere (carbonization) followed by calcination at 850 °C in water vapor (steam activation) was conducted to form a CB, which contained carbon nanofibers made from a polyacrolynitrile (PAN) fiber prepared by electrospinning. This catalyst showed a high level of FAOR activity. In this situation, the CB was also heat-treated, therefore, it was unclear whether the origin of the high FAOR activity of the CB-embedded CNF was caused by the CNF itself or the heat treatment of the CB. In order to establish the cause of the high FAOR activity of the CB-embedded CNF, the CBs underwent several heat treatments; i.e., stabilization, carbonization, and steam activation. Two types of carbon black with different pore structures, i.e., Ketjen black and Vulcan XC-72, were used to investigate the FAOR activity. The appropriate heat treatment of the CB promotes the improved FAOR activity; however, excessive heat treatment caused a deterioration in the FAOR activity, especially for Ketjen due to the presence of numerous micropores. However, by embedding the CB into the CNF, the FAOR activity improved, especially in the case of Ketjen, even though the embedded CB underwent several heat treatments. The optimum ratio of CB/PAN in the CB-embedded CNF was also investigated. The highest FAOR activity was observed at 0.25 CB/PAN for both the Vulcan and Ketjen. The electronic state of Pd3d in which the binding energy of the metallic Pd shifted to a lower binding energy suggested that the metal–support interaction is strong at the CB/PAN ratio of 0.25. On the basis of these results, it was found that heat treatment of the CB by embedding it in the CNF is a promising way to achieve a metal–support interaction without destroying its structure.

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“…The search for active, high surface area and stable carbon support in methanol oxidation catalytic process is very attractive topic because of the importance of fuel cells as alternative energy sources. Different carbon materials such as graphene (1, 2), carbon nanofiber (3,4), carbon nanotube (5,6) and carbon black (7,8) have been used as a catalyst support for methanol oxidation process. Several reports showed the importance of nitrogen doped carbon materials as a support for catalysts in fuel cell application (8)(9)(10)(11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nickel Oxide Carbon Nanofiber Composite for Electrochemical Oxidation of Methanol

et al. 2014

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Electrospun fibers of a mixture of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyaniline (PANI) and graphene were stabilized for 2 h at 200 °C and then carbonized at 800 °C for 5 h. Composites were prepared by depositing Ni(OH) 2 on the carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and calcining them at different temperatures. The composites were characterized using XRD, TEM and SEM. The effect of the calcination temperatures on the electrochemical catalytic properties towards methanol (MeOH) oxidation was studied using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The analysis of the chronoamperometry measurements confirmed a significant increase in the real surface area for the CNF/NiO composite as the calcination temperature increases. The real surface area is increased at calcination temperatures of 400 and 500 o C more than 20 times higher than that calcined at 300 o C. The oxidation of MeOH was not found to be a purely diffusion controlled process. The CNF/NiO composite has shown, not only, a good stability as the potential was cycled between a large potential window, but also, the electrocatalytic properties was enhanced which was attributed to the surface activation during the cyclic process. The impedance parameters were calculated from the EIS measurements proved that this system has two time constants: one for the adsorption and the other for the charge transfer.

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Ultrahigh methanol electro-oxidation activity of PtRu nanoparticles prepared on TiO2-embedded carbon nanofiber support

Cited by 89 publications

References 45 publications

TiO2 Nanotube-Carbon (TNT-C) as Support for Pt-based Catalyst for High Methanol Oxidation Reaction in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

TiO2 Nanotube-Carbon (TNT-C) as Support for Pt-based Catalyst for High Methanol Oxidation Reaction in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

The Origins of the High Performance of Pd Catalysts Supported on Carbon Black-Embedded Carbon Nanofiber for Formic Acid Oxidation

Nickel Oxide Carbon Nanofiber Composite for Electrochemical Oxidation of Methanol

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