Ultralight Three-Dimensional Boron Nitride Foam with Ultralow Permittivity and Superelasticity

Yin, Jun; Li, Xuemei; Zhou, Jianxin; Guo, Wanlin

doi:10.1021/nl401308v

Cited by 201 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The challenge for 3D structural control is common to many different materials beyond graphene, including for instance ceramic foams. Ceramic foam structures, particularly those based on thermally and chemically stable boron nitride, have a wide application potential, ranging from mechanical metamaterials 49 to filtration and catalysis. 50 The templated CVD approach can be extended to fabricate free-standing hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) gyroid structures.…”

Section: Fig 3 (A) Raman Spectra Of: Graphene On a 500 Nm Thick Ni mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical vapour deposition of freestanding sub-60 nm graphene gyroids

Cebo

Aria

Dolan

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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The direct chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of freestanding graphene gyroids with controlled sub-60 nm unit cell sizes is demonstrated. Three-dimensional (3D) nickel templates were fabricated through electrodeposition into a selectively voided triblock terpolymer. The high temperature instability of sub-micron unit cell structures was effectively addressed through the early introduction of carbon precursor, which stabilizes the metallized gyroidal templates. The as-grown graphene gyroids are self-supporting and can be transferred onto a variety of substrates. Furthermore they represent the smallest free standing graphene 3D structures yet produced with a pore size of tens of nm, as analysed by electron microscopy and optical spectroscopy. We discuss the generality of our methodology for the synthesis of other types of nanoscale, 3D graphene assemblies and the transferability of this approach to other 2D materials.

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Section: Fig 3 (A) Raman Spectra Of: Graphene On a 500 Nm Thick Ni mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical vapour deposition of freestanding sub-60 nm graphene gyroids

Cebo

Aria

Dolan

et al. 2017

Applied Physics Letters

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“…[6][7][8][9][10] Carbon and cellulose based sponges show ultralow densities and excellent mechanical properties but soft sponges with similar mechanical integrity are missing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 5 ] In recent literature, a variety of highly porous ultralight 3D materials were reported based on carbon, ceramics, and cellulose, which were characterized by porosities >99% and relatively high compressive strength. [6][7][8][9][10] Carbon and cellulose based sponges show ultralow densities and excellent mechanical properties but soft sponges with similar mechanical integrity are missing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralight, Soft Polymer Sponges by Self‐Assembly of Short Electrospun Fibers in Colloidal Dispersions

Duan

Jiang

Jérôme

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

168

148

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2850 wileyonlinelibrary.com large amounts of liquids and are excellent fi lters. Sponges with a volume of 1000 cm 3 can process up to 3000 L water h −1 . Furthermore, they can conduct light as discovered recently by Brümmer et al. [ 2 ] In addition, Natalio et al. reported on the formation of sponge skeletons shown to feature great bending strength and on the role of silicatein-α in the biomineralization of silicates in sponges, which accounts for the high reversible compressibility of sponges in spite of low densities. [ 3 ] Aizenberg et al. pointed out on the example of the so-called glass sponges ( Euplectella ) the important role of the hierarchical design from the nanometer to macroscopic length scale for structural materials. [ 4 ] The structural base of sponges are multiarmed spicules of silicate or calcium carbonate, which form highly porous structures of several hierarchical layers as shown in Figure 1 A,B. This leads to highly porous ultralight 3D materials (ultralight is defi ned when the density of material is <10 mg cm −3 ).[ 5 ] In recent literature, a variety of highly porous ultralight 3D materials were reported based on carbon, ceramics, and cellulose, which were characterized by porosities >99% and relatively high compressive strength. [6][7][8][9][10] Carbon and cellulose based sponges show ultralow densities and excellent mechanical properties but soft sponges with similar mechanical integrity are missing.Since spicules of natural sponges conspicuously resemble polymer fi bers, formation of such fi brous structures by electrospinning [ 11 ] could be a promising concept for the preparation of polymer-based biomimetic analogous of natural sponges and would open the huge potential of electrospun materials for 3D sponge-type structures. Indeed, 3D porous structures were prepared by electrospinning which was nicely summarized in comprehensive review in recent literature. [ 7 ] However, previous efforts of making 3D highly porous electrospun materials, for example, via ultrasonic treatment, resulted in higher densities and correspondingly lower porosities of <99%, [ 12 ] as well as relatively poor mechanical performance. Remarkably, Eichhorn et al. claimed that theoretically ultrahigh porosities of electrospun nonwovens >99% could not be achieved. [ 13 ] In contrast to these reports, we present here the formation of ultralight weight highly porous 3D electrospun polymer fi ber-based spongy structures with densities as low as 2.7 mg cm −3 corresponding to a porosity of 99.6%. They were prepared by electrospinning of a photo cross-linkable polymer followed by UV cross-linking, mechanical cutting, suspending cut fi bers in liquid dispersion, and freezedrying. These polymer sponges showed in analogy to natural Ultralight, Soft Polymer Sponges by Self-Assembly of Short Electrospun Fibers in Colloidal DispersionsGaigai Duan , Shaohua Jiang , Valérie Jérôme , Joachim H. Wendorff , Amir Fathi , Jaqueline Uhm , Volker Altstädt , Markus Herling , Josef Breu , Ruth Freitag , Seema Agarwal , and Andreas Gre...

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“…7 Recently, such novel 2D-3D structure features have been proven to exhibit new and outstanding performances. For instance, graphenecarbon nanotube 3D structures had densities as low as 0.16 mg cm − 3 , even lighter than air (1.29 mg cm − 3 ); 9 3D graphene and BN networks exhibited excellent mechanical properties; 10,11 3D BNC hybrid networks showed tunable electronic and thermal properties. 12 However, the high-yield fabrication of such 3D architectures of 2D crystals, especially without using any templates or catalysts, remains a great challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This chemical vapor deposition approach can provide high mechanical and electrical properties and hence has attracted much interest in energy devices. 11,12,17 However, the yield and cost is limited by the use of Ni foams. According to the current state in this field, the realization of high-yield and natural connections will greatly advance 3D WG foams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D white graphene foam scavengers: vesicant-assisted foaming boosts the gram-level yield and forms hierarchical pores for superstrong pollutant removal applications

2015

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Three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures assembled with one-or few-layered ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) crystals have triggered great interest in energy and environmental applications. Here, we introduce a gas-foaming process in an hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) ceramic material to fabricate 3D white graphene (WG) foams without using any catalysts or templates for superstrong pollutant removal applications. Importantly, the introduction of vesicants guaranteed the reproducibility and yield (4500 cm 3 ). Interestingly, these 3D WG foams possessed a vesicular structure with hierarchical pores ranging from nm to μm scales and with ultrathin walls consisting of mono-or few-layered BN membranes with planar sizes as large as 100 μm. Consequently, such microstructure merits of hierarchical pores and ultrathin walls endowed them not only very low density (2.1 mg cm − 3 ) but also superstrong adsorption ability, illustrated by capacitances up to 190 times its own weight toward a wide range of environment contaminations, including various oils and dyes. Thus, the 3D h-BN WG foams prepared by vesicant-assisted foaming should have great potential as outstanding environmental scavengers. NPG Asia Materials (2015) 7, e168; doi:10.1038/am.2015.8; published online 27 March 2015 INTRODUCTION Two-dimensional (2D) crystals, such as graphene 1 and white graphene (WG, mono-or few-layered hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)), 2,3 have triggered great interest because of their extraordinary intrinsic properties and wide range of applications in electronics, optoelectronics, energy storage and the environment. 4 However, for some specific applications, such as the adsorption of various contaminants and as electrodes in electrochemical cells, their pristine flat 2D structures have been recognized to not fully match the practical requirements. [5][6][7][8] In contrast, three-dimensional (3D) architectures using 2D crystals as building blocks can simultaneously provide the virtues of 2D and 3D structures, such as ultrathin sheets and large specific surface areas from 2D sheets 6 and hierarchical pores and ultralight densities from 3D configurations. 7 Recently, such novel 2D-3D structure features have been proven to exhibit new and outstanding performances. For instance, graphenecarbon nanotube 3D structures had densities as low as 0.16 mg cm − 3 , even lighter than air (1.29 mg cm − 3 ); 9 3D graphene and BN networks exhibited excellent mechanical properties; 10,11 3D BNC hybrid networks showed tunable electronic and thermal properties. 12 However, the high-yield fabrication of such 3D architectures of 2D crystals, especially without using any templates or catalysts, remains a great challenge. Currently, there are two methods for fabricating 3D

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Ultralight Three-Dimensional Boron Nitride Foam with Ultralow Permittivity and Superelasticity

Cited by 201 publications

References 29 publications

Chemical vapour deposition of freestanding sub-60 nm graphene gyroids

Chemical vapour deposition of freestanding sub-60 nm graphene gyroids

Ultralight, Soft Polymer Sponges by Self‐Assembly of Short Electrospun Fibers in Colloidal Dispersions

3D white graphene foam scavengers: vesicant-assisted foaming boosts the gram-level yield and forms hierarchical pores for superstrong pollutant removal applications

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