Ultralong Cycle Life Organic Cathode Enabled by Ether‐Based Electrolytes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Organic cathode materials have gained substantial attention in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) because of their low cost, structure versatility, and environmental friendliness. Nevertheless, the use of organic materials is plagued by the unsatisfactory cycling performance caused by dissolution of organic electrode materials, use of inappropriate electrolytes, and/or poor interfacial compatibility. In this work, an ultralong cycle life of SIBs through coupling an insoluble organic cathode, N, N′‐bis(glycinyl) naphthalene diimide, with ether‐based electrolytes, is realized. A thin and stable inorganic‐rich solid electrolyte interphase is constructed through a prior reduction of salt in the organic solvents in the ether‐based electrolytes, promising fast charge transfer kinetics and stable cycling performance of organic electrodes in SIBs. A superb long cycle life of 70 000 cycles at 10C is demonstrated, which is a new record for organic cathode materials in SIBs. The findings highlight the key role of electrolytes and electrolyte/electrode interfaces in furthering the practical prospects of organic electrodes.

Dual‐Redox Sites Guarantee High‐Capacity Sodium Storage in Two‐Dimension Conjugated Metal–Organic Frameworks

“…In the current research, however, due to the radius of Na + is larger than that of Li + (1.02>0.76 Å), the bulk intercalation of Na + is an ordeal for the crystal structure of the electrode material, exploring and developing advanced suitable electrode materials is still the current primary task. [ 12–15 ]…”

“…In the current research, however, due to the radius of Na + is larger than that of Li + (1.02>0.76 Å), the bulk intercalation of Na + is an ordeal for the crystal structure of the electrode material, exploring and developing advanced suitable electrode materials is still the current primary task. [12][13][14][15] Recently, the organic materials are widely applied in energy storage and catalysis because of innate characteristics such as environmentally friendly, costeffective, designable structure, and strong adaptability to different electrolytes. [16][17][18] Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) being a representative type of porous material formed by coordination bonds between organic ligands and metal ions/clusters, have been used in precursors, electrolyte additives, and artificial protective films on metal anode, etc.…”

High energy density Na-metal batteries enabled by a tailored carbonate-based electrolyte

“…[1][2][3][4] During this search process, sodium-based batteries are emerging and attracting much attention due to their resource sustainability and similar energy storage mechanisms to lithium-based ones. [5][6][7][8][9][10] To maximize the energy density and catch up with that of LIBs, metallic Na is undoubtedly the ultimate anode with a low redox potential of 2.71 V vs. SHE and a high specific capacity of 1166 mA h g À1 . [11][12][13] Nevertheless, its hyper-reactivity would cause uncontrollable parasitic reactions between Na-metal and electrolytes with insufficient stability towards reduction.…”

“…The structure and chemistry of the SEI depend on the electrolyte components, which can be regulated by an electrolyte engineering strategy. [8][9][10]15,17 Drawing lessons from the successful cases in lithium metal batteries, an ether (such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME))-based electrolyte was used and demonstrated high coulombic efficiency (CE) during Na plating/stripping due to the remarkable reduction stability of ether solvents and the formation of a robust SEI rich in inorganic constituents (Na 2 O and NaF). 18 However, ether solvents tend to experience vigorous oxidation via donation of the oxygen lone pair electrons beyond approximately 4.0 V vs. Na + / Na, on account of their high highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels.…”

Hard Carbon Microsphere with Expanded Graphitic Interlayers Derived from a Highly Branched Polymer Network as Ultrahigh Performance Anode for Practical Sodium-Ion Batteries

“…Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been endowed with great expectation as cheaper and more abundant future alternatives for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their similar physicochemical property as lithium. − The absence of suitable anode materials has prevented the commercialization of SIBs for a long time . Carbon-based, titanium-based, and alloy-based materials have been extensively explored.…”